Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Hematology > Ch24 Hemostasis > Flashcards

Ch24 Hemostasis Flashcards

0
Q

What is the major role of the hemostatic system?

A

Maintaining a complete balance of the body’s tendency toward clotting and bleeding

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
1
Q

What is the complex process by which the body spontaneously stops bleeding and maintains blood in the fluid state within the vascular compartment?

A

Hemostasis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

When do the clinical signs and symptoms of hemorrhage occur?

A

When the vascular injury exceeds the capacity of the platelets

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What stage of hemostasis refers to the response to vascular injury that produced a platelet plug at the site of damage

A

Primary

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Which stage of hemostasis involves the enzymatic activation of the coagulation proteins to produce fibrin from fibrinogen?

A

Secondary

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

How is secondary hemostasis activated?

A

By the release of tissue factor from epithelial cells that are exposed to the circulation site of the vascular injury

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What involves the proteolytic digestion of fibrinogen and fibrin by the enzyme plasmin?

A

Fibrinolysis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What are the 2 main types of bleeding?

A

Mucocutaneous hemorrhage

Joint bleeding

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

It takes about 1 week for maturity from _______ to produce platelets?

A

Megakaryblast

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Platelets survive _____ days in circulation

A

7-10

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is the normal platelet count?

A

150,000-400,000/uL

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Platelet activation includes:

A

Change of shape
Adhesion
Aggregation
Secretion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Platelets are involved in the nurturing of endothelial cells lining which system?

A

Vascular

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Platelet receptors bind to the vascular endothelium in a(n) _______ process

A

Adhesion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Platelets undergo a ______ which is a sensitive parameter of platelet activation.

A

Shape change

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Platelet to platelet interaction is known as:

A

Aggregation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

When does aggregation of platelets occur?

A

10-20 seconds after vascular injury

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What is required to activate the second phase of aggregation?

A

ADP from dense granules

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What is the last stage involved in arresting bleeding after vessel damage?

A

Stabilization

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What is achieved through the activation of coagulation cascades and formation and deposition of fibrin?

A

Stabilization

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What is the end product of coagulation?

A

Fibrin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What is simultaneously activated during the process of clot formation?

A

Fibrinolysis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

When is fibrinolytic activated?

A

The final stage of clot formation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What is a widely used antithrombotic agent for the clinical treatment of arterial thrombi?

A

Aspirin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Aspirin inhibits:
The action of specific enzymes
25
What is the purpose of fibrin clot formation?
To reinforce the platelet plug (primary hemostasis)
26
How is secondary hemostasis started?
By the release of tissue factors from epithelial or endothelial cells exposed to a vascular injury
27
What does a defect in the secondary hemostasis cause?
Decrease fibrin production and reduce the stability of the formed clot
28
Where are all coagulation proteins produced?
The liver
29
What are the 3 main categories of hemostatic function?
Substrate Cofactors Enzyme category
30
What is the main substrate of the blood coagulation system?
Factor I, fibrinogen
31
Proteins that accelerate the enzymatic reaction involving the coagulation process is known as what?
Cofactors
32
What are the 3 groups of physical properties of the classification of coagulation?
Contact proteins Prothrombin proteins Fibrinogen or thrombin-sensitive proteins
33
What proteins are involved in the initial phage of intrinsic system activation?
Contact proteins
34
What group contains a unique amino acid necessary for calcium binding and attraction of coagulation factors?
Prothrombin group
35
During coagulation, generated thrombin acts on all the factors in the _________ group
Fibrinogen
36
The process of blood coagulation requires:
Plasma proteins Phospholipids Calcium
37
What 3 coagulation pathways can lead to fibrin formation?
Extrinsic Intrinsic Common
38
According to the ________ theory, each coagulation factor is converted to its active form by the preceding factor in a series of biochemical chain reactions
Cascade
39
What are the consequence elf factor deficiency?
Coagulation can't proceed at normal rate Initiation of next reaction is delayed Time required for clot to form is prolonged Bleeding continues for a longer time
40
What term is used to describe a pathways that is initiated when tissue factor enters the vascular system
Extrinsic
41
What term is used to describe a pathways in which all factors necessary for clot formation are found within the circulating blood
Intrinsic
42
In the extrinsic pathway, factor VII is activated to factor VIIA in the presence of:
Calcium and tissue factor
43
The activation of what factor initiates clotting through the intrinsic pathway?
Factor XII
44
What factor converts factor XII to XIa in the intrinsic pathway?
Factor XIIa
45
What testis used to evaluate the intrinsic pathway?
Activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) test
46
What is the major protein in the factor VIII complex?
The carrier protein von willebrand factor
47
What does vWF have the ability to do?
Bind to the platelet membrane receptors | Role in anchoring the platelet plug to the vessel breach
48
How does the common pathways begin?
By the activation of factor X
49
What test(s) can be used to identify defects and deficiencies occurring in the pathways?
APTT | PT
50
Thrombin acts of fibrinogen to form:
Fibrin monomers
51
Fibrinogen is composed of 3 pairs of polypeptide chains
2 alpha 2 beta chains 2 gamma chains
52
What is the process of removing unwanted fibrin deposits called?
Fibrinolysis
53
Plasmin acts mainly on fibrin to produce:
Lysis of the clot
54
What system is important for inflammation, vascular permeability and chemotaxis?
Kinen system
55
The activation of factor ____ acts as th common link between many of th hemostatic mechanisms
XII
56
What system is composed of approx 22 serum proteins, working together with antibodies and clotting factors, playing an important Rolf as mediators of both immune and allergic reactions?
Complement system
57
What is the most important biological role of the complement system?
The production of cell membrane lysis of antibody coated target cells
58
What are some common lab tests used for screening for hemostatic disorders
``` Platelet count Peripheral blood smear IBT PT APTT ```
59
What tests measure plasma recalcification times accelerated by that'd diction of a thromboplastic substance?
APTT | PT
60
What test measured factors of the extrinsic and the common pathways of coagulation
PT
61
What is the method of choice for PT reporting?
International normalized radio (INR)
62
A PT test will detect:
Vitamin K defect Liver disease Presence of inhibitors
63
What activities are involved in the normal formation of a platelet plug?
Activation Adhesion Aggression Release reaction
64
What product is responsible for stabilization of the hemostatic plug?
Fibrin
65
What factors are unique to the extrinsic system?
Factors III, VII
66
What factors are unique to the intrinsic pathways?
XII XI IX VIII
67
What are the common pathways factors?
X, V, III, thrombin and I-fibrinogen
68
What is a function of thrombin?
Conversion of fibrinogen to fibrin
69
What is a function of plasmin?
Destruction of fibrin
70
What is the purpose of the PT test in monitoring hemostasis?
Measures factors of the extrinsic pathway
71
What is the purpose of the APTT test in monitoring hemostasis?
Monitoring heparin anticoagulation

Hematology (10 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions