CH2. Knowing Yourself COPY Flashcards
Psychology Questions
Psychologist Carl Jung “Theory of psychological types”
Introversion
Focus on internal world Extroversion
Focus on the external world.
Katharine Cook Briggs and Isabel Briggs Myers 1920s
Myers-Briggs Type Indicator ® (MBTI ®) personality indicator
16 personality types
May be at extreme polar opposites of each trait or in the middle
Personality Types v. Personality Traits
In MBTI there are 4 polar extremes with a description at each end.
There are a totel of _ different end profiles
Tendency to introvert or extrovert but ___
- Extrovert to Introvert (E to I)
- Sensation to Intuition (S to N)
- Thinking to Feeling (T to F)
- Judging to Perceiving (J to P)
16
not both
Do not know what they are thinking until they say it.
As they speak things become clearer to them, so they may change direction as they speak.
Extroverts
If immediate discussion is thrust open them they become
uncomfortable and confused, as they need to go away and consider.
Introverts
use specifics such as facts, dates and times.
Problem definition is important and they are irritated by vagueness.
Sensors
They may agree with specific details presented by an ‘S’ but can only understand the ‘whole’.
Intuitives
will set their emotions to one side so that their feelings will not enter
into the logical analysis of a situation.
They will not make an immediate decision, preferring to step back from a situation to analyze facts and information.
Thinkers
are ‘people people’ and judge situations on a personal level taking into account personal values.
‘Fs’ are often torn because they are able to see both sides of any situation.
Feelers
favour exactness.
They want to know how long things will take, stay on track and they seek closure.
Judgers
will put off the final decision for as long as possible.
They favour tolerance and open time frames.
Perceivers
Leadership Models
Emotional Intelligence
D Goleman in 1990s intrapersonal and interpersonal skills needed: self-awareness, self-regulation, motivation, empathy, social skills
Authentic leadership
Leaders whose know their “authentic selves”, driven by true purpose, strong integrity, positive values
Diversity Leadership
Commitment to diversity: recruitment, development, communication, governance, client/ patient services
Servant Leadership
Collaborative leader that seeks to support others in their achievement and success; empowers their staff towards achievement
Common in healthcare and other human services sector, especially in NFP
Spirituality Leadership
Focus on deepening understanding of one’s spiritual depth and that of their staff. Kouzes & Posner (1995): “challenge process, inspire shared vision, model the way, encourage the heart”
Resilient Leadership
Resilience as a means towards addressing organizational challenges and goals and to avoid burn out.
Includes focus on self-care
Leadership Styles
Authoritarian
Clear vision and how to achieve it.
They have expectations for what, when, and how tasks should be
done.
Expect acceptance from their staff and teams on what is being asked.
Participative
Seeking input and allowing staff and others to a voice in making decisions to demonstrate trust and appreciation
Pacesetting
Pacesetting leaders push team members to run hard and fast to the finish line
Focus on achieving results
Transformational Leadership “visionary leaders”
Focused on big-picture goals and organizational purpose.
Seek to inspire, encourage, and “empower” teams to achieve the vision / goals
Coaching Leadership
Teams are reservoirs of talent to be developed and given direction achieve their potential.
Regular feedback.
Delegative Leadership “Laissez-faire”
Employees are enabled to solve problems on their own, and available for team when asked.
Nonverbal cues
Outnumber verbal cues (93% v. 7%)
Confirm or contradict a verbal message
Are usually outside our awareness
Strategies to identify non-verbal (NV) communication
Nonverbal cues are believed
BUT they are NOT clear
Wait and watch
Look for consistency in NV communications
Look for multiple triggers– what sets it off
e.g. other interactions in the group
people tend to believe that non-verbal communications are true.. It can be tough to read one person’s cues; It can be tougher in a team
7 TYPES OF NON-VERBAL COMMUNICATION
Kinesics
Combination of messages sent by the body, including gestures, facial
expressions, body movement, posture, gaze (eye contact) and gait
Kinesics is the largest and most important part of a message
Play a dominant role in determining the image people have of us
Vocalics
Other than words – volume, rate, pitch, pausing and silence
Physical Appearance
Hairstyle, clothing , cosmetics and fragrance
Haptics
Contact cues such as frequency, intensity, and type of touch
**Proxemics **
Spatial cues
Chronemics
Use of time as a message system
Punctuality, amount of time, waiting time
Artifacts
Manipulable objects that may reflect messages from user – art, pets, furniture, etc
