Ch2: Chemistry and Biochem

Question 1

What is the difference between chemical and electrical energy?

Answer 1

chemical - stored in bonds as ATP

Electrical - movement of charged particles (nervous system)

Question 2

What is the difference between Mechanical and Radiant energy?

Answer 2

mechanical - directly involved in moving matter

Radiant - energy that travels in waves ( visible light, UV)

Question 3

What 4 major elements make up 96% of body mass and their %

Answer 3

Oxygen - 65%
Carbon - 18.5%
Hydrogen - 9.5%
Nitrogen - 3.2%

Question 4

What are the 9 lesser elements that make up 4% of body mass

Answer 4

Calcium (Ca), Phospho (P), Potass (K), Sulf (S), sodium (Na), Chlor (Cl), Magnes (Mg), Iod (I), Iron (Fe)

Question 5

What do the 11 trace elements found in 0.01% body mass do?

Answer 5

are part of or activate enzymes - Chromium, Copper, Zinc

Question 6

What is the difference between chem and biochem?

Answer 6

chem - composition, properties, and behavior of matter

biochem - chemical composition and reactions of living matter

Question 7

What is the difference between inorganic and organic compounds?

Answer 7

inorganic - no carbon - water, salt, acid and bases

organic - contain carbon - carbs, lipids, proteins

Question 7

What is important to know about Salt

Answer 7

Inorganic compound, dissociates in water, electrolyte

Question 7

What is important to know about acids and bases and pH?

Answer 7

Acid (proton donor) - donates H+ ions

Bases (proton acceptors) - accept H+ ions

pH - concentration of H+ ions

Question 8

What differentiates the level of concentration of H+ ions?

Answer 8

Basic: less H+ more OH –> higher pH (>7)

Neutral: #H+ ions = #Oh ions, pH = 7

Acidic: more H+, lower pH (< 7)

Question 9

What is there to know about lipids?

Answer 9

organic composed of C, H, O

includes, fats, oils, and wax,

insoluble in H2 but dissolves in other organic solvents

Question 10

What are the different types of lipids?

Answer 10

Triglycerides - fatty acids (3) and glycerol (1)

Phospholipids - modified triglycerides with 1 glycerol, 2 Fatty acids, 1 phosphate

Steroids - flat lipid molecules with 4 interlocking hydrocarbon rings (cholesterol, vitamin D, sex hormones, adrenal cortical hormones)

Eicosanoids - lipids made of 20-C Fatty acids found in all cell membranes