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science 8 > ch2 and 3 list words > Flashcards

ch2 and 3 list words Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

what is a group of cells similar in shape and function

A

tissue

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2
Q

what are structures composed of one or more different types of tissue

A

organs

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3
Q

what are groups of organs that have related functions

A

organ systems

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4
Q

what are micro-organisms

A

living organisms too small to see with your eye

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5
Q

what is the most common form of micro-organisms

A

bacteria

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6
Q

what is a protist

A

a protist is a unicellular organism that’s neither plant or animal

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7
Q

what is a pseudopod

A

a false foot

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8
Q

what are fungi

A

multi-cellular and unicellular organisms

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9
Q

what is cell specialization

A

the development of cells to preform a special function

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10
Q

what is a slippery substance that coats many illness-causing cells, then sweeps them away from the lungs by cells with cilia

A

mucus

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11
Q

what is a special protein in red blood cells that carry oxygen

A

hemoglobin

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12
Q

what are finger-like projections that increase the surface area for absorption

A

villi

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13
Q

what is any condition that can harm an organism

A

a disease

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14
Q

what is an action of disease-producing organisms

A

infection

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15
Q

what is a small strand of genetic information covered by a protein coat

A

a virus

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16
Q

what is a creamy white substance made of strands of protein and cell fragments

A

pus

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17
Q

what is a large molecule produced by a special type of white blood cell

A

an antibody

18
Q

what are molecules with a specific shape found on the cell membranes or protein coats of invading cells

A

markers

19
Q

what is the exchange or modification of genetic material in cells

A

genetic engineering

20
Q

what is the large, thin sheet of muscle that spreads across the chest cavity below the lungs

A

the diaphragm

21
Q

what is the movement of air into and out of the lungs

A

breathing

22
Q

what is the hard rigid tube that leads to the lungs

A

the trachea

23
Q

what is the small flap of tissue that covers the opening of the trachea

A

the epiglottis

24
Q

what is the process in which animals take in oxygen and release carbon dioxide

A

respiration

25
Q

what are the blood vessels that carry blood away from the heart

A

arteries

26
Q

what are blood vessels that return blood to the heart

A

veins

27
Q

what are the smallest blood vessels connecting the smallest arteries with the smallest veins

A

capillaries

28
Q

what are the chambers of the heart that receive blood from the body and lungs

A

atria

29
Q

what is the larger, more muscular chamber of the heart pumping blood around the body

A

the ventricles

30
Q

what is the process of removing waste

A

excretion

31
Q

what is a small tubule in the kidneys that filters waste from the blood and excretes it in urine

A

nephrons

32
Q

what is water containing waste filtered from the blood in the kidneys

A

urine

33
Q

what is the process that your body breaks large food molecules into smaller molecules

A

digestion

34
Q

what are the chemicals that help speed up the process of digestion

A

enzymes

35
Q

what is a chemical messenger produced by the endocrine system that travels to other systems and tells them how to adjust to whats going on

A

hormones

36
Q

what is a micro-organism that causes disease by interfering directly with cells or tissues or producing toxins

A

pathogens

37
Q

what is a chemical found or produced by all foreign organisms

A

antigen

38
Q

what is the use of antibodies to fight a pathogen

A

immune response

39
Q

what is a nerve cell with a direct connection to other cells

A

a neuron

40
Q

what neurons carry messages from sensory cells to the brain

A

sensory neurons

41
Q

what neurons carry signals from the brain to muscles, causing movement

A

motor neurons

42
Q

what is the time required to react

A

reaction time

science 8 (6 decks)

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