ch2 and 3 list words Flashcards
what is a group of cells similar in shape and function
tissue
what are structures composed of one or more different types of tissue
organs
what are groups of organs that have related functions
organ systems
what are micro-organisms
living organisms too small to see with your eye
what is the most common form of micro-organisms
bacteria
what is a protist
a protist is a unicellular organism that’s neither plant or animal
what is a pseudopod
a false foot
what are fungi
multi-cellular and unicellular organisms
what is cell specialization
the development of cells to preform a special function
what is a slippery substance that coats many illness-causing cells, then sweeps them away from the lungs by cells with cilia
mucus
what is a special protein in red blood cells that carry oxygen
hemoglobin
what are finger-like projections that increase the surface area for absorption
villi
what is any condition that can harm an organism
a disease
what is an action of disease-producing organisms
infection
what is a small strand of genetic information covered by a protein coat
a virus
what is a creamy white substance made of strands of protein and cell fragments
pus
what is a large molecule produced by a special type of white blood cell
an antibody
what are molecules with a specific shape found on the cell membranes or protein coats of invading cells
markers
what is the exchange or modification of genetic material in cells
genetic engineering
what is the large, thin sheet of muscle that spreads across the chest cavity below the lungs
the diaphragm
what is the movement of air into and out of the lungs
breathing
what is the hard rigid tube that leads to the lungs
the trachea
what is the small flap of tissue that covers the opening of the trachea
the epiglottis
what is the process in which animals take in oxygen and release carbon dioxide
respiration
what are the blood vessels that carry blood away from the heart
arteries
what are blood vessels that return blood to the heart
veins
what are the smallest blood vessels connecting the smallest arteries with the smallest veins
capillaries
what are the chambers of the heart that receive blood from the body and lungs
atria
what is the larger, more muscular chamber of the heart pumping blood around the body
the ventricles
what is the process of removing waste
excretion
what is a small tubule in the kidneys that filters waste from the blood and excretes it in urine
nephrons
what is water containing waste filtered from the blood in the kidneys
urine
what is the process that your body breaks large food molecules into smaller molecules
digestion
what are the chemicals that help speed up the process of digestion
enzymes
what is a chemical messenger produced by the endocrine system that travels to other systems and tells them how to adjust to whats going on
hormones
what is a micro-organism that causes disease by interfering directly with cells or tissues or producing toxins
pathogens
what is a chemical found or produced by all foreign organisms
antigen
what is the use of antibodies to fight a pathogen
immune response
what is a nerve cell with a direct connection to other cells
a neuron
what neurons carry messages from sensory cells to the brain
sensory neurons
what neurons carry signals from the brain to muscles, causing movement
motor neurons
what is the time required to react
reaction time
