ch2

Question 1

functions of water (5)

Answer 1

1. reactant
2. medium for chemical reactions
3. cooling agent
4. medium for transport
5. provides support

Question 2

inorganic ions (4)

Answer 2

1. nitrate
2. magnesium
3. calcium (phosphate)
4. iron

Question 3

nitrate

sources of ___

synthesis of ____

Answer 3

• source of nitrogen

- synthesis of proteins

Question 4

magnesium

component of ___

activates ____

Answer 4

chlorophyll

some enzymes

Question 5

calcium

main component of ___ and ___

required in 3 processes:

Answer 5

bones and teeth

muscle contraction, sending messages to nervous system, blood clotting

Question 6

iron

component of ___

activates ___

Answer 6

haemoglobin

some enzymes

Question 7

biomolecules

Which 4?

Answer 7

carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, nucleic acids

Question 8

carbohydrates

which 3 common types and their functions

Answer 8

glucose- releases energy in animals

starch- energy reserves for plants

cellulose- component of cell walls

Question 9

Lipids

2 common kinds and their functions

Answer 9

triglycerides- energy reserve, reduce heat loss, shock absorber, protects internal organs

phospholipids- component of cell membranes

Question 10

proteins

makes up ___

___ and ___ are proteins

Answer 10

body tissues

enzymes and antibodies

Question 11

Nucleic acids

which 2 and functions

Answer 11

Deoxyribonucleic acid- stores genetic information

ribonucleic acid- synthesis of proteins

Question 12

cell membrane 2

Answer 12

• differentially permeable

- controls movement of substances in and out of cell

Question 13

cytoplasm

4 points

Answer 13

• jelly-like fluid consisting water and proteins
• holds many organelles
• site for chemical reactions
• transport and movements in cell

Question 14

nucleus

2 points

Answer 14

• double membrane ( called nuclear membrane)

- cotains DNA, controls activity in cell

Question 15

Mitochondrion

3 points

Answer 15

• double membrane
• energy releasing stage of respiration
• require a lot of energy

Question 16

Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum

3

Answer 16

• ribosomes
• synthesis of proteins
• produces hormones or enzymes

Question 17

Smooth endoplasmic reticulum

3

Answer 17

• no ribosomes
• synthesis of lipids
• produce lipid hormones

Question 18

vacuole

contains ___

Answer 18

water and dissolved substances

Question 19

cell wall

made up of ___

1 point and function

Answer 19

cellulose

fully permeable

protects, support and gives shape to plant cell

Question 20

large central vacuole

filled with a fluid called ___

contains ___

when its full of water, the cell becomes ___

this provides ___ to the plant

Answer 20

cell sap

water and dissolved substances ( glucose, pigments, waste)

turgid

support

Question 21

chloroplast

green pigment called __

function

Answer 21

chlorophyll

double membrane

absorbs light energy for photosynthesis

Question 22

double membranes which three cells

Answer 22

nucleus, chlorophyll, mitochondrion