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Zoology > Ch.16/17 > Flashcards

Ch.16/17 Flashcards

1
Q

Most freshwater clams have a ___________ stage that attaches to the gills of fish and lives as a parasite for a few weeks.

Veliger
Trochophore
Brachial
Miracidia
Glochidia

A

Glochidia

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2
Q

The water current in the body of a cephalopod mollusc provides
Oxygen for respiration
Jet power for rapid locomotion
A means of carrying wastes and gametes out of the body
All of the choices are cephalopod uses for their body water currents
None of the choices are correct

A

All of the choices are cephalopod uses for their body water currents

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3
Q

Gaseous exchange in gastropods may involve
Gills
Lungs
Mantle
Body surface
All of the choices are correct

A

All of the choices are correct

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4
Q

Because shells require it, land snails are limited to soils that contain some level of
Aluminum
Silica
Calcium
Sodium
Carbon

A

Calcium

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5
Q

Some prosobranch gastropods have only one _____________ in their mantle cavity.

Shell
Foot
Gill
Radula
Tentacle

A

Gill

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6
Q

In some molluscs, the free-swimming larva is a trochophore while in others, it is a veliger with the beginnings of a foot, shell and mantle. What is the relationship of these molluscan juvenile stages?
A veliger is found strictly in terrestrial mollusks
The trochophore is considered ancestral and the veliger is a derived larval stage
The two larval forms represent two early and distinct branches of mollusks
The veliger is ancestral and the trochophore is a derived larval stage
Only the cephalopods have the veliger stage; all other molluscs have a trochophore stage

A

The trochophore is considered ancestral and the veliger is a derived larval stage

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7
Q

Which correctly describes the evolutionary origin and adaptive radiation of molluscs?
Molluscs originated in freshwater and invaded both terrestrial and marine environments
Molluscs originated on land, all classes then invaded both freshwater and marine environments
Molluscs originated on land, all classes then invaded freshwater and the bivalves and gastropods invaded marine environments
Molluscs originated in the sea, both bivalves and gastropods invaded marine environments and the land
Molluscs originated in the sea, bivalves and gastropods invaded brackish and freshwater environments, and just gastropods invaded the land

A

Molluscs originated in the sea, bivalves and gastropods invaded brackish and freshwater environments, and just gastropods invaded the land

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8
Q

Many polychaetes are euryhaline meaning that they
Can tolerate a wide range of salinity
Must live in marine conditions
Possess both male and female reproductive organs
Always live in tubes
Lack any circulatory system

A

Can tolerate a wide range of salinity

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9
Q

The circulatory system of earthworms is
Closed with hearts pumping blood to the anterior arteries and veins returning from the posterior
Open with blood “washing” through the coelomic cavity
Half closed with hearts pushing blood toward the head but washing posteriorly through an open cavity
Closed with dorsal and ventral blood vessels joined by five paired “hearts” forcing circulation flow dorsal-ventrally
Absent and they rely solely on diffusion to absorb gases through the epidermis

A

Closed with dorsal and ventral blood vessels joined by five paired “hearts” forcing circulation flow dorsal-ventrally

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10
Q

Characteristics typical of annelids are
Segmentation, open circulation, and metanephridia
Segmentation, a closed circulatory system, and metanephridia
An exoskeleton, metanephridia, and a pseudocoelom
An exoskeleton, Malpighian tubules, and a pseudocoelom
Metanephridia, a true coelom, and open circulation

A

Segmentation, a closed circulatory system, and metanephridia

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11
Q

Polychaetes differ from other annelids because polychaetes
Lack any head or specialized sense organs
Have paired parapodia on most segments
Have a clitellum used for reproductive purposes
Lack setae
All of the choices are correct

A

Have paired parapodia on most segments

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12
Q

The sipunculans are also known as

Bryozoans
Beard worms
Tongue worms
Peanut worms
None of these choices are correct

A

Peanut worms

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13
Q

In contrast to roundworms, how do segmented worms elongate or stretch lengthwise?
Contracting the longitudinal muscles
Contracting circular muscles
Forcibly expanding the circular muscles
Forcibly expanding longitudinal muscles
Snapping back to original shape of the hard cuticle

A

Contracting circular muscles

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14
Q

The cocoon in the earthworm is produced by the

clitellum
prostomium
calciferous glands
chloragogen cells
typhlosole

A

clitellum

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15
Q

Reproduction in the earthworm involves
Asexual budding
Self-fertilization
Cross-fertilization between two dioecious organisms
Cross-fertilization between two hermaphroditic organisms
Reproduction by “stem mothers.”

A

Cross-fertilization between two hermaphroditic organisms

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16
Q

The main structures that taste food and direct it into the mouth of a clam is/are
The gills
Labial palps
The siphons
The gastric mill
Adductor muscles

A

Labial palps

17
Q

Torsion
Involves movement of the shell independent of visceral movements
Rotates the shell between 90 and 180
Begins with the contraction of an asymmetrical foot retractor muscle
Shifts the anus from posterior to the right side of the body
All of the choices are correct

A

All of the choices are correct

18
Q

The remaining valid use of medicinal leeches is to

Apply them to severely-bruised tissue to relieve blood congestion and allow damaged vessels to grow back
Use them to clean out dead tissue from a wound
Use them to restore the balance of body fluids or humors
Apply them to increase circulation or blood flow to a region
All of the choices are correct

A

Apply them to severely-bruised tissue to relieve blood congestion and allow damaged vessels to grow back

19
Q

Gas exchange in the earthworm occurs through the
Gills
Metanephridia
Skin
Setae
Typhlosole

A

Skin

20
Q

The circulatory system in the earthworm
Is absent since all respiration is across the epidermis
Is an open system where hemolymph washes through body sinuses
Has a dorsal vessel as the main pumping organ
Has no pumping structure but depends on the action of body muscles to move the blood
Has five pumps that circulate blood first to the gills and then to the rest of the body

A

Has a dorsal vessel as the main pumping organ

Zoology (17 decks)

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