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Medical Terminology > Ch.14 - Musculoskeletal system > Flashcards

Ch.14 - Musculoskeletal system Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
0
Q

adductor

A

a muscle that moves a part toward the median plane

typical muscle function

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1
Q

abductor

A

a muscle that moves a part away from the median plane

typical muscle function

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2
Q

accelerator

A

a muscle that accelerates

typical muscle funcion

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3
Q

arrector

A

a muscle that raises

typical muscle function

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4
Q

attollens

A

a muscle that raises or lifts a part (present participle of verb ‘attollere’ - to lift up)
(typical muscle function)

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5
Q

attrahens

A

a muscle that brings a part closer (present participle of verb ‘attrahere’ - to draw toward)
(typical muscle function)

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6
Q

buccinator

A

muscles located in the cheek (bucca), which are used to blow air into a trumpet (buccina)
(typical muscle function)

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7
Q

corrugator

A

a muscle that wrinkles

typical muscle function

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8
Q

depressor

A

a muscle that depresses

typical muscle function

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9
Q

dilator

A

a muscle that widens

typical muscle function

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10
Q

extensor

A

a muscle that extends a part of the body

typical muscle function

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11
Q

flexor

A

a muscle that flexes or bends a part, i.e. a muscle that brings two bones closer
(typical muscle function)

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12
Q

levator

A

a muscle that lifts a part

typical muscle function

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13
Q

tensor

A

a muscle that tenses a part

typical muscle function

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14
Q

rotator

A

a muscle that rotates a part, i.e. a part on its axis

typical muscle function

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15
Q

longus

A

(also longior and logissimus): long (longer and longest)

shape and form

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16
Q

brevis

A

short

shape and form

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17
Q

latissmus

A

(very) wide

shape and form

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18
Q

obliquus

A 
an oblique (diagonal) muscle
(shape and form)
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19
Q

quadratus

A

square

shape and form

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20
Q

transversus

A

a muscle lying across the long axis of a particular organ

shape and form

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21
Q

verticalis

A

vertical

shape and form

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22
Q

biceps

A

having two heads

shape and form

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23
Q

triceps

A

having three heads

shape and form

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24
Q

sphincter

A

a circular muscle constricting an orifice

shape and form

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25
Q

opponens

A

opposing

shape and form

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26
Q

rectus

A

straight

shape and form

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27
Q

vastus

A

great

shape and form

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28
Q

superior

A

higher

position

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29
Q

inferior

A

lower

position

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30
Q

externus

A

external

position

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31
Q

internus

A

internal

position

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32
Q

lateralis

A

lateral

position

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33
Q

posterior

A

toward the back

position

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34
Q

intercostalis

A

between the ribs

adjective

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35
Q

interspinalis

A

between two spinous processes of the spine

adjective

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36
Q

articularis

A

of a joint

adjective

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37
Q

nasalis

A

of the nose

adjective

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38
Q

ani

A

of the anus

noun

39
Q

linguae

A

of the tongue

noun

40
Q

dorsi

A

of the back

noun

41
Q

auriculae

A

of the ear

noun

42
Q

pollicis

A

of the thumb

noun

43
Q

cubiti

A

of the elbow

noun

44
Q

digiti

A

of the finger or toe

noun

45
Q

hallucis

A

of the big toe

noun

46
Q

femoris

A

of the femur (thighbone)

noun

47
Q

musculus longus colli

A

the long muscle of the neck

48
Q

musculus abductor digiti minimi pedis

A

the abductor muscle of the smallest toe (lit: the muscle which draws away the smallest digit of the foot)

49
Q

musculus depressor anguli oris

A

the depressor muscle of the corner of the mouth (lit: the muscle which depresses the corner of the mouth)

50
Q

musculi intercostales interni

A

the internal intercostal muscles (both adjectives describe the plural form musculi and are therefore also in the plural)

51
Q

musculus levator palpebrae superioris

A

the muscle which raises the upper eyelid (lit: the muscle, the raiser of the eyelid, the upper one).

52
Q

ARTICUL-

A

joint

53
Q

BREVI-

A

short

54
Q

BURS-

A

bursa

55
Q

CARP-

A

carpus, eight bones of the wrist joint

56
Q

CUBIT-

A

elbow

57
Q

DIGIT-

A

finger, toe

58
Q

FASCI-

A

(band) fibrous membrane covering, supporting and separating muscles

59
Q

FASCICUL-

A

a little bundle, especially of nerve or muscle fibres

60
Q

FEMOR-

A

femur, thigh bone

61
Q

FIBR-

A

fibre

62
Q

FIBUL-

A

fibula

63
Q

FORAMEN, FORAMIN-

A

passage, opening, hiatus, hole in a bone for passage of vessels or nerves

64
Q

GENU-

A

knee

65
Q

HUMER-

A

humerus, upper bone of the arm

66
Q

ILI-

A

ilium, flank

67
Q

LIGAMENT-

A

ligament

68
Q

LUMB-

A

loins, part of the back between thorax and pelvis

69
Q

MAGN-

A

large

70
Q

MALLE-

A

malleus (hammer)

71
Q

MANU-

A

hand

72
Q

MUSCUL-

A

muscle

73
Q

PATELL-

A

patella, knee cap

74
Q

PHALANG-

A

phalanx

75
Q

PLANT-

A

sole of the foot

76
Q

RADI-

A

radius (inner bone of forearm)

77
Q

SCAPUL-

A

scapula, shoulder blade

78
Q

SKELET-

A

skeleton (dried up)

79
Q

STERN-

A

sternum, breast bone

80
Q

SYNOV-, SYNOVI-

A

synovial fluid, membrane, sac

81
Q

TIBI-

A

tibia

82
Q

ULN-

A

ulna (inner bone of forearm)

83
Q

CONSTRICT-

A

to draw, bind together

84
Q

CORRUGAT-

A

to corrugate, wrinkle

85
Q

EXTENS-

A

to extend, expand

86
Q

LEVAT-

A

to raise, lift up

87
Q

ARRECT-

A

to guide, direct

88
Q

ROTAT-

A

to cause to turn around

89
Q

ACCELERAT-

A

to accelerate

90
Q

ATTRAH-

A

to draw, attract

91
Q

ATTOLL-

A

to raise, lift up

92
Q

BUCC-

A

cheek

93
Q

OPPON-

A

to put opposite, before

94
Q

TENS-

A

to stretch out, expand, spread

Medical Terminology (9 decks)

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