Ch.14 Fungi

Question 1

Mycelium

Answer 1

densely branched network of the hyphae of a fungus

Question 2

Septate

Answer 2

hyphae divided into cells by septa (walls)

Question 3

Coenocytic

Answer 3

fungi whose hyphae do not contain septa

Question 4

Rhizoids

Answer 4

specialized hyphae that anchor fungi

Question 5

Haustoria

Answer 5

parasitic stolons that drain nutrients from hosts (usually plants)

Question 6

Heterotrophic absorbers

Answer 6

secrete enzymes at hyphae tips into the environment to digest others

Question 7

Saprotrophic

Answer 7

consume dead things

Question 8

Glycogen

Answer 8

storage molecule for fungi, animals

Question 9

Sporangia

Answer 9

organs at tips of sporangiophores that release spores

Question 10

Sporangia and conidiophores

Answer 10

stalks that support either sporangia or conidia

Question 11

Plasmogamy

Answer 11

fusion of cytoplasm

Question 12

Karyogamy

Answer 12

fusion of nuclei

Question 13

Meiosis

Answer 13

cell division that halves the chromosomes, produce haploid cells (n)

Question 14

Monokaryotic/Dikaryotic

Answer 14

either having 1 or 2 haploid nuclei

Question 15

Gametangia

Answer 15

fusion of two opposite mating type hyphae in zygomycetes

Question 16

Zygosporangium

Answer 16

think walled receptacle for zygospores; formed after gametangia forms; produces sporangium
think walled receptacle for zygospores; formed after gametangia forms; produces sporangium

Question 17

Stolon

Answer 17

horizontally growing hyphae of fungi (mostly zygomycetes)

Question 18

Ascocarp (ascoma)

Answer 18

fruiting body of ascomycota; contains asci

Question 19

Ascus

Answer 19

the reproductive structure where 8 ascospores develop in ascomycetes

Question 20

Ascospores

Answer 20

haploid spore of ascomycota

Question 21

Paraphyses

Answer 21

sterile hyphae in fruiting body of fungi

Question 22

basidiocarp (basidioma)

Answer 22

fruiting body of basidiomycetes

Question 23

Basidia

Answer 23

sacs that produce 4 basidiospores, attached by sterigmata

Question 24

Sterigmata

Answer 24

4 tiny stalks bearing basidiospore on basidium

Question 25

Hymenomycetes

Answer 25

apparent gill structures (shiitake, white cap)

Question 26

Gasteromycetes

Answer 26

no discernable gills (puffclouds)

Question 27

Lichen

Answer 27

symbiotic relationship between mycobiont (fungal partner) and photobiont (photosynthetic partner)

Question 28

Crustose lichen

Answer 28

crusty

Question 29

Foliose lichen

Answer 29

leafy

Question 30

Fruticose

Answer 30

shrublike

Question 31

Mycobiont

Answer 31

fungal part of lichen (ascomycota or basidiomycota)

Question 32

Photobiont

Answer 32

photosynthetic part of lichen (cyanobacteria or green algae

Question 33

Mycorrhizae

Answer 33

A mutualistic association of plant roots and fungal mycelium; plants gain water+nutrients and communication, fungus gains food