Ch13 Practice Test Flashcards
Which medication is most appropriate for a patient in respiratory distress with wheezing?
Albuterol
What is the first-line medication for a bradycardic and unresponsive patient?
Atropine
What medication should be given to a diabetic patient who is unresponsive with no IV access?
Glucagon
What should be administered next to a trauma patient who remains hypotensive despite fluid resuscitation?
Dopamine
Which drug class provides the fastest bronchodilation during an asthma attack?
Beta-2 agonists
Which paralytic provides rapid onset and short duration for intubation?
Succinylcholine
What drug class is appropriate for immediate treatment of a seizing patient?
Benzodiazepines
What drug class should be avoided in a pregnant patient with hypertension?
ACE inhibitors
What is the first medication to consider for a patient in supraventricular tachycardia (SVT)?
Adenosine
What do you administer to a non-breathing patient suspected of opioid overdose?
Naloxone
What antiarrhythmic should be given to a patient in ventricular tachycardia with a pulse?
Amiodarone
What drug slows AV node conduction in atrial fibrillation?
Diltiazem
What vasodilator should a patient with chest pain and stable vitals receive?
Nitroglycerin
Beta blockers should be avoided when a patient is also taking what class of drug?
Calcium channel blockers
What medication increases cardiac output without a significant increase in heart rate?
Milrinone
What is the term for the time it takes half the drug to be eliminated from the plasma?
Half-life
A drug that blocks a receptor is classified as what?
Antagonist
What is bioavailability?
The percentage of unchanged drug that reaches circulation
What is the fastest and most reliable route for drug delivery in emergencies?
Intravenous (IV)
A drug with a low therapeutic index requires what?
Close monitoring
What EMS practice helps prevent medication errors?
Verbal read-back of orders
In elderly patients, which organ function most affects drug metabolism?
Liver
What risk is introduced by drawing up a drug but failing to label it?
Medication error
During a cardiac arrest in a hypothermic patient, drug absorption is likely to be:
Impaired
How should pediatric drug doses be calculated?
By weight in kilograms
What drug reduces mucus and causes bronchodilation in asthma or COPD?
Ipratropium bromide
What reversal agent is used for benzodiazepine overdose?
Flumazenil
Which sedative also increases heart rate and blood pressure?
Ketamine
What class of drugs is used to stop seizures and provide sedation?
Benzodiazepines
Which medication treats torsades de pointes?
Magnesium sulfate
What is a partial agonist?
A drug that activates a receptor but with reduced effect compared to a full agonist
When all receptor sites are occupied, what has occurred?
Maximum drug effect
Which type of antagonist binds permanently to a receptor?
Noncompetitive antagonist
Which drug is best for treating nausea in EMS?
Ondansetron
Which medication is administered for life-threatening acidosis?
Sodium bicarbonate
What blood product contains clotting factors but no red cells?
Fresh frozen plasma
What drug promotes clotting in trauma patients with severe bleeding?
Tranexamic acid
What must be documented for every milliliter of a controlled substance used?
Ordering, administration, and disposal
What might you suspect if a narcotic dose suddenly has no effect on a patient?
Tampering or diversion
What resource should EMS consult to verify medication information in the field?
A medication monograph or electronic reference
How can EMS confirm drug compatibility before administration?
Use a trusted compatibility chart or reference
What side effect may result from high doses of epinephrine?
Increased myocardial oxygen demand
What is a concern when administering calcium chloride IV?
Tissue damage from extravasation
Why is morphine used cautiously in hypotensive patients?
It may worsen hypotension
Aspirin and clopidogrel belong to which medication class?
Antiplatelet agents
What is the primary therapeutic use of phenytoin?
Seizure prevention
H2 blockers like famotidine are used to _______.
Reduce stomach acid secretion
Why should thiamine be administered before dextrose in alcoholics?
To prevent Wernicke’s encephalopathy
What is a drug that binds temporarily to receptor sites, preventing activation?
Competitive antagonist
What is the action of mannitol in a patient with cerebral edema?
Osmotic diuretic that draws water out of tissues
