Ch12 Respiratory System Flashcards
1
Q
Define external respiration
A
exchange of air between the lungs and external environment
2
Q
Define cellular/internal respiration
A
exchange of gases at the cell level within body organs
3
Q
paranasal sinuses
A
hollow spaces in skull and produce mucus, help lighten skull, and helps produce sound
4
Q
nasal cavity
A
lined mucus membrane and cilia that filters out foreign bodies and warms/mositens air
5
Q
3 divisions of the pharynx
A
- nasopharynx
- oropharynx
- laryngopharnyx
6
Q
adenoids / pharyngeal tonsils
A
lymphatic tissue in the nasopharynx
7
Q
palatine tonsils
A
lymphatic tissue in the oropharynx
8
Q
epiglottis
A
cartilage flap over the opening of the larynx, prevents materials from entering lungs
9
Q
mediastinum
A
space in the center of the chest
10
Q
alveoli
A
air sacs in the lungs where gas exchange occurs
11
Q
parietal pleura
A
outer layer on the lung membrane
12
Q
visceral pleura
A
inner layer on the lung membrane
13
Q
hilum
A
midline region where blood vessels, nerves, lymphatic tissue, and bronchial tubes enter and exit
14
Q
diaphragm
A
muscle separating thoracic and abdominal cavities
15
Q
adenoid/o
A
adenoids
16
Q
alveol/o
A
alveolus
17
Q
bronch/o
A
bronchial tube
18
Q
bronchiol/o
A
bronchiole
19
Q
capn/o
A
carbon dioxide
20
Q
coni/o
A
dust
21
Q
cyan/o
A
blue
22
Q
epiglott/o
A
epiglottis
23
Q
laryng/o
A
larynx / voice box
24
Q
lob/o
A
lobe of the lung
25
mediastin/o
mediastinum
26
nas/o
nose
27
orth/o
straight, upright
28
ox/o
oxygen
29
pector/o
chest
30
pharyng/o
pharynx
31
phon/o
voice
32
phren/o
diaphragm
33
pleur/o
pleura
34
pneum/o
lung, air
35
pulmon/o
lung
36
rhin/o
nose
37
sinus/o
sinus cavity
38
spir/o
breathing
39
tel/o
complete
40
thorac/o
chest
41
tonsil/o
tonsils
42
trache/o
trachea
43
-ema
condition
44
-osmia
smell
45
-pnea
breathing
46
-ptysis
spitting
47
-sphyxia
pulse
48
-thorax
pleural cavity, chest
49
auscultation
listening to sounds within the body
50
percussion
tapping on a surface to determine the difference in density of the underlying structure
51
pleural rub
scratchy sound produced by pleural surfaces rubbing against each other
52
rales
fine crackling sounds heard on auscultation when there is fluid in the alveoli
53
rhonchi
loud rumbling sounds heard on auscultation of bronchi obstructed by sputum
54
sputum
material expelled from the bronchi, lungs, or upper respiratory tract by spitting
55
stridor
strained, high-pitched sound heard on inspiration caused by obstruction in the pharynx/larynx
56
wheezes
continuous high-pitched whistling sounds produced during breathing
57
croup
viral infection of infants and children with obstruction of the larynx, accompanied by barking cough and stridor
58
diphtheria
infection of throat and upper respiratory tract caused by the diphtheria bacterium
59
epistaxis
nosebleed
60
pertussis
whooping cough
61
asthma
chronic inflammatory disorder with airway obstruction due to bronchial and bronchiolar edema and constriction
62
bronchiectasis
chronic dilation of bronchus
63
chronic bronchitis
inflammation of bronchi persisting over a long time
64
cystic fibrosis
inherited disorder of exocrine glands resulting in thick mucinous secretions in the respiratory tract that don't drain normally
65
atelectasis
collapsed lung
66
emphysema
hyperinflation of air sacs with destruction of alveolar walls
67
lung cancer
malignant tumor arising from the lungs and bronchi
68
pneumoconiosis
abornmal lung condition caused by exposure to certain dusts
69
pneumonia
acute inflammation and infection of alveoli, which fill with pus or products of inflammation
70
pulmonary abscess
large collection of pus in lungs
71
pulmonary edema
fluid in air sacs and bronchioles
72
pulmonary embolism
clot or other material lodges in vessels of the lungs
73
pulmonary fibrosis
formation of scar tissue in the connective tissue of the lungs
74
sarcoidosis
chronic inflammation in small nodules developed in lungs, lymph nodes, and other organs
75
tuberculosis
infectious disease caused by mycobacterium tuberculosis
76
mesothelioma
rare malignant tumor arising in pleura
77
pleural effusion
abnormal accumulation of fluid in the pleural cavity
78
pleurisy
inflammation of the pleura
79
pneumothorax
collection of air in the pleural space
80
anthracosis
coal dust or asbestos accumulation in the lungs
81
cor pulmonale
failure of right side of heart to pump sufficient amount of blood to lungs because of underlying lung disease
82
pulmonary infarction
death of lung tissue
83
silicosis
silica or glass dust in the lungs
84
bronchoscopy
fiberoptic endoscope exam of bronchial tubes
85
endotracheal intubation
tube placement through mouth into pharynx, larynx, trachea to establish airway
86
PFTs
pulmonary function tests that measure the ventilation mechanics of the lungs
87
thoracentesis
needle inserted into pleural space to remove excess fluid
88
ABGs
arterial blood gases
89
AFB
acid fast bacillus
90
ARDS
acute respiratory distress syndrome
91
BAL
bronchoalveolar lavage
92
Bronch
bronchoscopy
93
CF
cystic fibrosis
94
COPD
chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
95
C+S
culture and sensitivity testing
96
CTPA
computed tomography pulmonary angiogram
97
DLCO
diffusion capacity of the lung for carbon dioxide
98
DOE
dyspnea on exertion
99
DPT
diphtheria, pertussis, tetanus
100
EBUS
endobronchial ultrasound
101
FEV1
forced expiratory volume in 1 second
102
FVC
forced vital capacity
103
MAC
mycobacterium avium complex
104
MDI
metered-dose inhaler
105
NSCLC
non-small cell lung cancer
106
OSA
obstructive sleep apnea
107
PaCO2
carbon dioxide partial pressure
108
PaO2
oxygen partial pressure
109
PCP
pneumocystic pneumonia
110
PE
positive expiratory pressure
111
PEEP
positive end-expiratory pressure
112
PND
paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea
113
RDS
respiratory distress syndrome
114
RV
residual volume
115
SABA
short acting beta agonist
116
SCLC
small cell lung cancer
117
TLC
total lung capacity
118
V(-T)
tidal volume
119
VATS
video-assisted thoracic surgery
120
VC
vital capacity
