Ch12

Question 1

Digestive System Can Be Divided into two Main Parts

Answer 1

Digestive track, accessory organs.

Question 2

Digestive Tract Consists of

Answer 2

mouth, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine

Question 3

____are Essential organs for the digestive process but are not directly part of the digestive tract.

Answer 3

Accessory organ

Question 4

Accessory oragns Includes

Answer 4

salivary glands, liver, gall bladder, pancreas.

Question 5

first part of the digestive tract

Answer 5

Oral cavity

Question 6

Salivary glands : produce and secrete saliva into the oral cavity. Saliva moistens the food and contains enzymes called (____) that___ __ of starch into smaller
polysaccharides.

Answer 6

salivary amylase, begins digestion

Question 7

___ Pushes the bolus (food) toward the pharynx during swallowing.

Answer 7

Tongue

Question 8

A tube that connects the pharynx to the stomach, and It serves as passageway for food,

Answer 8

Esophagus

Question 9

Esophagus push the food toward the stomach by

Answer 9

peristalsis

Question 10

: It is an involuntary process of muscular contraction forcing the bolus (food) down to the stomach.

Answer 10

Peristalsis

Question 11

The mucosal lining of the stomach has folds called___ that contain gastric glands that secrete____

Answer 11

rugae, gastric juice and HCl.

Question 12

Hydrochloric acid(HCl) and enzymes mix with the food to aid in the___

Answer 12

chemical digestive process.

Question 13

In the stomach, food is further broken apart and thoroughly mixed with a gastric acid and digestive enzymes that break down___.

Answer 13

proteins

Question 14

__(inactive form of enzyme) is a component of gastric juice, which converted into active pepsin by hydrochloric acid.

Answer 14

Pepsinogen,

Question 15

The entrance and exit of food into the stomach is controlled by muscular structures called__

Answer 15

sphincters

Question 16

the sphincter that control ENTRANCE of the food is the____ and the sphincter that control EXIT of the food is the___.

Answer 16

lower esophageal sphincter, pyloric sphincter

Question 17

the longest part of the digestive system

Answer 17

Small intestine

Question 18

small intestine is divided into 3 parts:

Answer 18

duodenum, jejunum and ileum.

Question 19

The lining of the small intestine has tiny fingers called___.

Answer 19

Villi

Question 20

__are the functional unit of absorption of the food which absorp the nutrients from the food passing through the small intestine.

Answer 20

Villi

Question 21

__is made up of the cecum,
colon, rectum and anal canal.

Answer 21

Large intestine

Question 22

The function of the large intestine is to _________which formed into solid waste materials called feces or stool (undigested waste products) .

Answer 22

absorb water from undigested food

Question 23

The wall of the digestive tract has four layers:

Answer 23

Mucosa, submucosa, muscularis, serosa

Question 24

: Innermost layer of the wall
and composed of epithelial tissue.

Answer 24

Mucosa

Question 25

: A thick layer of connective tissue that surrounds the mucosa. This layer also contains blood vessels, lymphatic vessels, and nerves.

Answer 25

Submucosa

Question 26

: layers of muscle tissue responsible for movements of the digestive tract.

Answer 26

Muscularis

Question 27

: The outermost layer of the digestive tract that mostly contains connective tissue.

Answer 27

Serosa

Question 28

Functions of digestive system

Answer 28

Digestion,absorption, Excretion or elimination of waste products

Question 29

:Is the mechanical and chemical breaking down of food into smaller parts, to a form that can be absorbed and used by the cells.

Answer 29

Digestion

Question 30

:
• The process by which molecules of amino acids, glucose, fatty acids
and glycerol pass through the small intestines into the blood.
• The functional units of absorption are villi ; special structures lining the mucosa of the small intestine.

Answer 30

Absorption

Question 31

:
• The food molecules that cannot be digested or absorbed need to be excreted from the body.
• The removal of wastes occurs through the anus in the form of feces.

Answer 31

Excretion or elimination of waste products

Question 32

Accessory organs of digestive system :

Answer 32

1. Salivary Glands 2. Liver
2. Gall Bladder
3. Pancreas

Question 33

__contains water, mucus, and digestive
enzyme (salivary amylase) that start the digestion of starch inside the mouth.

Answer 33

Saliva

Question 34

Three pairs of major salivary glands:

Answer 34

o Parotid gland
o Sublingual gland
o Submandibular gland

Question 35

__is secreted by liver cells and travels through the hepatic duct system into the small intestine where it is used to help in breaking down__.

Answer 35

Bile, fat

Question 36

The liver breaks down toxic substances and most medicinal products in a process called____ and may excrete it in bile or urine.

Answer 36

drug metabolism

Question 37

__ It is a pear -shaped organ that is attached to the liver by a duct.

Answer 37

Gall bladder

Question 38

imp
Function of the gallbladder:

Answer 38

The bile is produced and secreted from the liver, stored and concentrated in the gall bladder.

Question 39

___ It is a mixed gland that lies behind the stomach.

Answer 39

Pancreas

Question 40

Pancreas Functions:

Answer 40

Produces digestive enzymes (Pancreatic enzymes) that digest fats, proteins, carbohydrates.

Question 41

Which enzyme is used in Carbohydrates startch, and what’s the end product

Answer 41

Enzyme: Salivary amylase
Lactase Sucrase Maltase
End product: (Monosaccharide) Like Glucose

Question 42

Which enzyme is sued in protein and what’s the end product

Answer 42

Enzyme: Protease Pepsin- trypsin
peptidases.
End product: amino acid

Question 43

Which enzyme is sued in lipids and what’s the end product

Answer 43

Enzyme:lipase.
End product: fatty acid and glycerol