ch.11 key terms

Question 1

surface water

Answer 1

Surface water is water located on top of the Earth’s surface such as rivers, creeks, and wetlands. This may also be referred to as blue water.

Question 2

river system

Answer 2

are the patterns formed by the streams, rivers, and lakes in a particular drainage basin.

Question 3

water system

Answer 3

A water supply network or water supply system is a system of engineered hydrologic and hydraulic components that provide water supply.

Question 4

groundwater

Answer 4

Groundwater is the water present beneath Earth’s surface in rock and soil pore spaces and in the fractures of rock formations

Question 5

Aquifer

Answer 5

An aquifer is an underground layer of water-bearing permeable rock, rock fractures or unconsolidated materials

Question 6

porosity

Answer 6

\phi=\frac{{V_V}}{{V_T}}
\phi = porosity
{V_V} = void volume
{V_T} = total volume

Question 7

permeability

Answer 7

Permeability in fluid mechanics and the Earth sciences is a measure of the ability of a porous material to allow fluids to pass through it

Question 8

recharge zone

Answer 8

refer to those areas where water infiltrates through the permeable rock and sediment but the saturated zone is at a depth where surface ecosystems

Question 9

potable

Answer 9

safe to drink; drinkable

Question 10

pathogen

Answer 10

A pathogen is usually defined as a microorganism that causes, or can cause, disease. We have defined a pathogen as a microbe that can cause damage in a host.

Question 11

dam

Answer 11

A dam is a barrier that stops or restricts the flow of water or underground streams

Question 12

reservoir

Answer 12

a large natural or artificial lake used as a source of water supply

Question 13

desalination

Answer 13

the process of removing salt from seawater