Ch.11 Flashcards

1
Q

Pennsylvania model for prisons

A

A separate and silent system in which prisoners were completely ISOLATED from one another, eating working and sleeping in separate cells

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2
Q

Auburn model for prisons

A

A system that allowed prisoners to work and eat together during the day and housed in individual cells at night

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3
Q

Moral architecture

A

The term used to describe the design of the first penitentiary in Canada, the intent of which was to reflect themes of order and morality

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4
Q

Brown commission

A

An investigation into the operation of the Kingston penitentiary that condemned the use of corporal punishment against inmates and emphasised the need for rehabilitation

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5
Q

Federal system or corrections

A

Operated by: correctional service Canada

Responsible for: offenders 2 or more years

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6
Q

Provincial and territorial corrections

A

Less than one year sentence

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7
Q

Minimum security institutions

A

Federal correctional facilities that generally have NO perimeter FENCING and allow unrest or inmate movement except at night

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8
Q

Medium security institutions

A

Federal correctional facilities that have a less highly controlled institutional environment than maximum security institutions and in which the inmates have MORE freedom of movement

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9
Q

Maximum security institutions

A

Federal correctional institutions with a HIGHLY CONTROLLED institutional environment

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10
Q

Static security

A

Fixed security apparatus in correctional institutions including fixed security posts wherein correctional officers are assignment to and remain in specific areas
E.g. control room or perimeter patrol

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11
Q

Dynamic security

A

Variety of ongoing meaningful interactions between STAFF and INMATES

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12
Q

Two types of security in correctional facility

A

1) static security

2) dynamic security

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13
Q

Rule of law

A

The requirement that governments as well as individuals be subjected to and abide the law

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14
Q

Duty to act fairly

A

The obligation of correctional authorities to ensure that OFFENDERS are treated FAIRLY by corrections personnel

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15
Q

Total institutions

A

Correctional institutions
All movements of the inmate are controlled 24 hours a day by staff
E.g. psych hospital

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16
Q

Continuum of correctional institutions

A

Differences in the institutional ENVIRONMENT among correctional institutions located at either end of the security spectrum- max to min-

17
Q

Tinderbox

A

Penitentiary in St.Johns Newfoundland
Overcrowding
Lack of programs
Understaffed conditions

18
Q

What are some factors of overcrowding in correctional institutions

A
  • Changes in legislation
  • Mandatory minimum sentences
  • Inmates remaining in custody longer due to parole board decisions
  • poor planning
  • absence of new facilities
19
Q

Segregation

A

Used for disciplining
Inmate being locked in cell for 23 hours a day
AKA solitary confinement

20
Q

Arbour report

A

Inquiry into events at Kingston Prison for women 1994, which documented —violations of policy

  • Institutional regulations
  • Significant impact on the development of women’s corrections
21
Q

Who has the most contact with inmates

A

CO’s

Correctional officers

22
Q

Status degradation ceremonies

A

Processing of offenders

Psychologically and materially stripped of possessions that identify him or her as a member of the free society

23
Q

Pains of imprisonment

A
The deprivations experiences by inmates confined in a correctional institution 
Loss of 
-autonomy 
-privacy 
-security 
-freedom of movement 
-association
24
Q

Self injuries behaviour

A

Deliberate self inflicted bodily harm of disfigurement

25
Inmate subculture
Patterns of interaction and the relationships that exist among inmates confined
26
Prisonization
``` The process in which inmates become socialised into the -Norms -values -culture Of prison ```
27
Institutionalised
Inmates who become prisonized to such a degree that they are unable to function in the outside free community
28
State raised offenders
Spent majority of their adult lives confined in correctional institutions and don’t have the skills or ability to function in the outside free community
29
Inmate code
Set of behavioural rules that govern interactions among inmates and with institutional staff
30
Social or argot roles
Inmates assume based on their friendship networks Sentence length And other factors related to their criminal history
31
Classification
Inmates are categorised through the use of various assessment instruments to determine the appropriate security level of the inmate and program placement
32
Static risk factors
Attributes of the offender that predict the likelihood of recidivism but are not amendable to change E.g. History Prior offences
33
Dynamic risk factors
Attributes of the offender that CAN be altered through intervention E.g. -education -employment skills
34
Case management
Needs and abilities of offenders are matches with correctional programs and services
35
Correctional plan
Key component of the case management that determines the offenders initial institutional placement specific training for work opportunities and prep for release
36
Inside out
Students from the outside take courses with inmates inside institutions
37
Walls to bridges
Program centred on collage and university courses that are taught in jails prisons and community corrections facilities
38
Throughcare
Notion that there should be continuity between institutional treatment and programs and community based services for offenders