Ch.11 & 17: National Policies Flashcards
Urban Renewal
a
Its purpose and goals [Urban Renewal]
The purpose as a housing project with the goals being a) Eliminate substandard housing b) Revitalize city economies c) Construct good housing d) Reduce de fact segregation.
Housing Act
The Urban Renewal program began in 1949 with the Housing Act and Officially ended in 1973. Method was clearance and rebuilding directed by local agencies and subsidized by the federal government.
Social impacts [Re Housing Act?]
a
Why suburban land more attractive than urban land [Re Housing Act?]
Suburban land was more attractive than previously built up areas for development because there are less problems with having to compensate land owners for the residual value of existing development, and avoiding the assemblage issue
Use of eminent domain [Re Housing Act?]
One of the main tools used in the Urban Renewal program was eminant domain as exercised by Local Public Agencies It was controversial as had not been used to convey property from one private party to another (vs. for public use) and faced constitutional hurdles.
Intentions of program [Re Housing Act?] and its realistic effects
controdictions, haggling between LPAs gov.211. Gave many cities ability to compete w/suburbs.
Reasons for an overall absence of National Planning
Decent nat of us democ. Scale of U.S vs smaller countries. Popular resistance to notions of ctrl planning.After end of Ntl Resources Planning Board, no other agency can assume function.
Policies affecting land settlement patterns
Homestead Act - Grant 160 acres if stay 5 years. Merril
Ordinance of 1785
Passed by cont congress, set div of land in Nw terr. 6x6 township, 1x1 blok as basic units. 1 per acre to fund tres, too high. Permitted rapid exp of west
Homestead Act
a
Morrill Land Grant Act
Grant of 30000 acres per member of cong, the sale of which meant to est a&m. Carrot no stick. Land gran colleges
Railroad Network and role of federal govt in expansion
Initial provided large land grants, then ntl rail act 1862, issued bond, granted 5squ mile per mile laid, bore little risk. Union Pacific and Central Pacific.
Federal govt role in western irrigation projects
After drier years of 1880, led to Reclamation act of 1902. Sale of public land to pay for irrigation project, with investment paid back by water users. But repayment was continuiously extended, so fed sub of water development was established.Around WWI, ppl in LA region realized lack of water a problm.. Colorado River Compact. After WRDA in 1986, locals pay more for projects & have higher user fees. Without irr, more pop in east, less forrest, more farm land needed in easy, economic development
Role of the TVA
Single example of national level planing. For job creation, damming for hydro power, locks rendered Tenn river nagig to the Missouri/Missisppi, enhanced commertial growth of the reg. Lakes creat recreation, inc from tourism.
