CH106 Structure and Bonding Flashcards
What is the quantum number “n” and what values can it take?
Principle quantum number.
Can take any positive integer
What is the quantum number “l” and what values can it take?
Angular momentum quantum number
Takes integer values from 0 to n-1
What is the quantum number “m” and what values can it take?
Magnetic quantum number
Takes values between -l…0…l
What is the quantum number “s” and what values can it take?
Spin quantum number
Can have values of either 1/2 or -1/2
What is an atomic orbital?
A region of space where the probability of finding an electron is high
What is the pauli exclusion principle?
Each electron in an atom must have a different set of quantum numbers
What is hund’s rule?
Electrons will fill orbitals of equal energy singly with parallel spin before pairing.
What is the Auf Bau principle?
Orbitals are filled in order of increasing energy
What two elements are exempt from Hund’s rule and why?
Chromium and copper.
The 4s orrbital is half filled to bring greater stability
What electrons are involved in valence bond theory?
The outer shell (valence electrons)
Why does hybridisation occur?
To give enough unpaired electrons in the valence shell and to create degenerate orbitals
What orbital will partake in a double bond in C?
P.
An unhybridised orbital will be used.
in molecular bonding theory what are the two types of electrons?
Bonding and anti-bonding electrons?
Which are filled first, bonding or anti-bonding electrons?
Bonding electrons.
What orbitals are higher energy, bonding or anti-bonding electrons?
Bonding electrons are lower in energy and mosre stable
