Ch.1 The Scientific Method

Question 1

Biology

Answer 1

The study of living things

Question 2

Name 4 areas of study in biology

Answer 2

1. Botany- Plants
2. Ecology- Organisms and their environment
3. Genetics-Inheritance
4. Zoology- Animals

Question 3

Hypothesis

Answer 3

An educated guess based on observation

Question 4

Experiment

Answer 4

A series of steps carried out to test a hypothesis

Question 5

Data

Answer 5

Measurements observations or information gathered from an experiment

Question 6

The scientific method

Answer 6

1. Make an observation
2. Form a hypothesis
3. Test the hypothesis
4. Collect results
5. Form a conclusion

Question 7

Theory

Answer 7

Hypothesis that is supported by an experiment

Question 8

Principal

Answer 8

A proven theory

Question 9

The purpose of carrying out an experiment

Answer 9

Test your hypothesis

Question 10

Where are the results of studies published

Answer 10

Scientific journal

Question 11

Why is it important for scientist to publish the results

Answer 11

1. It can be peer-reviewed
2. Others can learn from the results
3. There is can you repeat the experiment

Question 12

Features of good experiment design

Answer 12

1. Control
2. Variable
3. Replicates
4. Safety

Question 13

Control

Answer 13

An element that remains unaffected by the variables
It is used as a standard against which the experiment is compared

Question 14

Variable

Answer 14

Are factors that can be manipulated controlled or measured in an experiment

Question 15

Replicates

Answer 15

Repeating the studies procedure and observing why did the prior finding recurs
This helps verify the results and prevents jumping to conclusion based on a single set of results

Question 16

Safety

Answer 16

All good experiments are designed and carried out with safety in mind

Question 17

Random selection

Answer 17

Variation within the sample helps to avoid bias

Question 18

Carrying out replicates

Answer 18

Repeating an experiment many times helps to verify the results

Question 19

Large sample size

Answer 19

Experimental samples must be large enough to ensure that the effects of individual differences do not matter

Question 20

Double blind testing

Answer 20

Neither experimenter nor the people being experimented on know who is taking the drug or who is taking the placebo
The experiment is free from bias if the person carrying out experiment is not influencing the result

Question 21

Name five limitations of the scientific method

Answer 21

1. The extent of our basic knowledge
2. Accidental discovery
3. The change in natural world
4. Our ability to interpret results
5. The basis of investigation

Question 22

Ethics

Answer 22

Refers to whether something is right or wrong