Ch.1 Medical Terminology Flashcards
What is a word root?
the core or main part of the word
What are pre-fixes?
something that comes before the word root in a medical term
* prefixes contribute to the meaning of the term
* always spelled with a hyphen at the end indicating that it is a word part to be attached to another word coming after it
What is a combining vowel?
a vowel that is added to the word root to make the term easier to pronounce
* used when attaching a suffix that begins with a consonant and ends with a consonant
What is a combining form?
describes the word root with its associating combining vowel
Cardi
heart
Cerebr
brain, cerebrum
Colo, Colon
colon ( section of large intestine )
Crani
cranium, skull
Dermat
skin
Gastr
stomach
Nephr, Ren
kidney
Neuron
nerve
Ost
bone
Pulmon
lung
Vas
vessel
Prefix: a-, an-
without, not
Prefix: poly-
many, much ( ex. polyculture )
Prefix: post-
after, behind (ex. postmortem, posterior, post-op )
Prefix: dys-
painful, difficult, abnormal ( ex. dysfunctional )
Prefix: pre-
before ( ex. prevent, predict )
Prefix: peri-
around, surrounding (ex. perimeter )
Prefix: sub-, infra-
below, beneath ( ex. infrastructure, subway )
Prefix: intra-
inside, within
Prefix: inter-
between, among ( ex. interfere )
Prefix: supra-, super-
above ( ex. supraspinatus , superior )
Suffix: -tomy
incision ( ex. craniotomy )
Suffix: -algia
pain ( ex. arthralgia )
Suffix: -ism, -ia
condition of ( ex. acute alcoholism, tachycardia )
Suffix: -ium
pertaining to the body region, structure
Suffix: -itis
inflammation (ex. conjunctivitis )
Suffix: -oma
tumor ( ex. glaucoma )
Suffix: -logy
study of ( ex. technology, ontology )
Suffix: -ac, -al, -ary, -ic, -ous
pertaining to ( ex. cardiac, pulmonary, abdominal, hydrophilic, nervous )
Suffix: -ectomy
excision, surgical removal ( ex. appendectomy )
Suffix: -gram
record, recording ( ex. mammogram )
Combining form: neprh/o,ren/o
kidney
Combining form: cardi/o
heart
Combining form: cerebr/o
brain, cerebrum
Combining form: crani/o
cranium, skull
Combining form: dermat/o
skin
Combining form: colo/o, colon/o
colon ( section of large intestine )
Combining form: oste/o
bone
Combining form: neur/o
nerve, nerve tissue
Gastotomy
surgical incision of the stomach
Gastritis
inflammation of the stomach
Gastroesophageal
pertaining to the stomach and the esophagus
Acute
symptoms or signs that begin and worsen quickly; not chronic
Plural ending: vertebra
vertebra ➡️ vertebrae
* rule: keep -a and add -ae
Plural ending: foramen
foramen ➡️ foramina
*rule: drop -en and add -ina
Plural ending: pollex
pollex ➡️ pollices
* rule: drop -ex & add -ices
Plural ending: ganglion
ganglion ➡️ ganglia
* rule: drop -ion & add -ia
Plural ending: appendix
appendix ➡️ appendices
rule: drop -ix & add -ices
Plural ending: ankylosis & testis
ankylosis ➡️ ankyloses
testis ➡️ testes
*rule: drop -is & add -es
Plural ending: phenomenon & spermatozoon
phenomenon ➡️ phenomena
spermatozoon ➡️ spermatozoa
*rule: drop -on & add -a
Plural ending: epithelium
epithelium ➡️ epithelia
*rule: drop -ium & add -ia
Plural ending: diverticulum & atrium
diverticulum ➡️ diverticula
atrium ➡️ atria
*rule: drop -um & add -ia
Plural ending: nucleus & embolus
nucleus ➡️ nuclei
embolus ➡️ emboli
*rule: drop -us & add -i
Plural ending: phalanx
phalanx ➡️ phalanges
*rule: drop -x & add -ges
Plural ending: biopsy
biopsy ➡️ biopsies
*rule: drop -y & add -ies
What are stress marks?
a guide to which syllable to say more forcefully when the word is pronounced
Term meaning “ a recording of blood vessels “
angiogram
Term meaning “ surgical removal of disk “
diskectomy
Medical term meaning “ frequent urination “
polyuria
Terms that means “ pertaining to the kidney “
renal
Term meaning “ not pertaining of bacteria “
abacterial
