Ch.1 Drug Action

Question 1

Disintegration and dissolution of a solid form of a medication

Answer 1

Pharmaceutics

Question 2

The dissolving of particles in the GI fluid before absorption

Answer 2

Dissolution

Question 3

To break down into small particles

Answer 3

Disintegration

Question 4

3 processes of Absorption

Answer 4

• Passive
• Active
• Pinocytosis

Question 5

When drug passes to the liver first

Answer 5

First-pass effect

Question 6

% of the administered drug dose hat reaches the systemic circulation

Answer 6

Bioavailability

Question 7

Absorption that requires a carrier such as an enzyme or protein to move the drug against a concentration gradient;requires energy

Answer 7

Active absorption

Question 8

Occurs mostly by diffusion H->L [C}

Answer 8

Passive absorption

Question 9

Process by which cells carry a drug across their membrane by engulfing the drug particles

Answer 9

Pinocytosis

Question 10

Drug that produces a response

Answer 10

Agonist

Question 11

Drug that blocks a response

Answer 11

Antagonist

Question 12

More severe than the side effects

Answer 12

Adverse Reactions

Question 13

Onset time for oral pain meds admin

Answer 13

45-60 min

Question 14

Onset time for IM/SubCu pain med

Answer 14

30 min

Question 15

Onset time for IV meds

Answer 15

15 min

Question 16

Test to help determine renal function

Answer 16

Creatine Clearance

Question 17

Length of time the drug has an effect

Answer 17

Duration of action

Question 18

Fillers and inert substances used to help drug take shape and size

Answer 18

Excipients

Question 19

Drugs not bound to a protein;active

Answer 19

Free drugs

Question 20

Time it takes 1/2 of a drugs concentration to leave the system

Answer 20

Half-life

Question 21

Site on receptor where drug binds

Answer 21

Ligand-binding domain

Question 22

Large initial dose needed to get the desired response of a drug

Answer 22

Loading dose

Question 23

Drugs that effect various receptors and are non selective

Answer 23

Nonselective drugs

Question 24

Effect various sites and have properties that are nonspecific

Answer 24

Nonspecific Drugs

Question 25

Time it takes to reach minimum effective levels after admin

Answer 25

Onset of action

Question 26

Occurs when drug reaches its highest concentrations

Answer 26

Peak action

Question 27

Highest plasma concentration of a drug at a specific time

Answer 27

Peak drug level

Question 28

Phase where drug becomes a solution able to cross biological membrane

Answer 28

Pharmaceutic Phase

Question 29

Study of the way drugs affect the body

Answer 29

Pharmocodynamics

Question 30

Process of drug movement to achieve drug action

Answer 30

Pharmacokenetics

Question 31

Study of how the effect of a drug actin varies from predicted drug response due to genetic/hereditary factors

Answer 31

Pharmacogenetics

Question 32

Psychological benefit from a compound that may not have the chemical structure of a drug effect

Answer 32

Placebo Effect

Question 33

Degree to which a drug binds with protein

Answer 33

Protein Binding effect

Question 34

Physiological effects not related to desired drug effects

Answer 34

Side Effects

Question 35

Rapid decrease in response to the drug | ie: Narcotics, barbiturates, laxatives, and psychotropic agents

Answer 35

Tachyphylaxis

Question 36

Measures the margin of safety for a drug

Answer 36

Therapeutic Index

Question 37

Level of drug between the minimum effective concentration and toxic concentration

Answer 37

Therapeutic range(window)

Question 38

Evaluates three parameters of drug actions:onset, peak, and duration

Answer 38

Time-response curve

Question 39

Decreased responsiveness over the course of therapy

Answer 39

Tolerance

Question 40

Measures rate at which drug is eliminated

Answer 40

Trough drug level

Question 41

NVD

Answer 41

Nausea, vomiting, diarrhea

Question 42

3 phases of drug action

Answer 42

?

Question 43

4 phases of Pharmakinetics

Answer 43

1. Absorption 2. Distribution 3. Metabolism 4. Excretion/elimination

Question 44

How the drug becomes available o the body fluids and tissue

Answer 44

Distribution

Question 45

Main route of drug excretion happens where?

Answer 45

kidneys

Question 46

4 Drug action categories

Answer 46

- Stimulant or depressant - Replacement - Inhibition or killing organisms - Irritation

Question 47

3 phases of drug action

Answer 47

- Pharmaceutics - Pharmocokinetics - Pharmacodynamics

Question 48

High protein binding effect percentage %

Answer 48

89%