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Pharmocology I > Ch.1 Drug Action > Flashcards

Ch.1 Drug Action Flashcards

1
Q

Disintegration and dissolution of a solid form of a medication

A

Pharmaceutics

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2
Q

The dissolving of particles in the GI fluid before absorption

A

Dissolution

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3
Q

To break down into small particles

A

Disintegration

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4
Q

3 processes of Absorption

A
  • Passive
  • Active
  • Pinocytosis
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5
Q

When drug passes to the liver first

A

First-pass effect

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6
Q

% of the administered drug dose hat reaches the systemic circulation

A

Bioavailability

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7
Q

Absorption that requires a carrier such as an enzyme or protein to move the drug against a concentration gradient;requires energy

A

Active absorption

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8
Q

Occurs mostly by diffusion H->L [C}

A

Passive absorption

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9
Q

Process by which cells carry a drug across their membrane by engulfing the drug particles

A

Pinocytosis

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10
Q

Drug that produces a response

A

Agonist

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11
Q

Drug that blocks a response

A

Antagonist

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12
Q

More severe than the side effects

A

Adverse Reactions

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13
Q

Onset time for oral pain meds admin

A

45-60 min

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14
Q

Onset time for IM/SubCu pain med

A

30 min

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15
Q

Onset time for IV meds

A

15 min

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16
Q

Test to help determine renal function

A

Creatine Clearance

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17
Q

Length of time the drug has an effect

A

Duration of action

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18
Q

Fillers and inert substances used to help drug take shape and size

A

Excipients

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19
Q

Drugs not bound to a protein;active

A

Free drugs

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20
Q

Time it takes 1/2 of a drugs concentration to leave the system

A

Half-life

21
Q

Site on receptor where drug binds

A

Ligand-binding domain

22
Q

Large initial dose needed to get the desired response of a drug

A

Loading dose

23
Q

Drugs that effect various receptors and are non selective

A

Nonselective drugs

24
Q

Effect various sites and have properties that are nonspecific

A

Nonspecific Drugs

25
Q

Time it takes to reach minimum effective levels after admin

A

Onset of action

26
Q

Occurs when drug reaches its highest concentrations

A

Peak action

27
Q

Highest plasma concentration of a drug at a specific time

A

Peak drug level

28
Q

Phase where drug becomes a solution able to cross biological membrane

A

Pharmaceutic Phase

29
Q

Study of the way drugs affect the body

A

Pharmocodynamics

30
Q

Process of drug movement to achieve drug action

A

Pharmacokenetics

31
Q

Study of how the effect of a drug actin varies from predicted drug response due to genetic/hereditary factors

A

Pharmacogenetics

32
Q

Psychological benefit from a compound that may not have the chemical structure of a drug effect

A

Placebo Effect

33
Q

Degree to which a drug binds with protein

A

Protein Binding effect

34
Q

Physiological effects not related to desired drug effects

A

Side Effects

35
Q

Rapid decrease in response to the drug

ie: Narcotics, barbiturates, laxatives, and psychotropic agents

A

Tachyphylaxis

36
Q

Measures the margin of safety for a drug

A

Therapeutic Index

37
Q

Level of drug between the minimum effective concentration and toxic concentration

A

Therapeutic range(window)

38
Q

Evaluates three parameters of drug actions:onset, peak, and duration

A

Time-response curve

39
Q

Decreased responsiveness over the course of therapy

A

Tolerance

40
Q

Measures rate at which drug is eliminated

A

Trough drug level

41
Q

NVD

A

Nausea, vomiting, diarrhea

42
Q

3 phases of drug action

A

?

43
Q

4 phases of Pharmakinetics

A
  1. Absorption
  2. Distribution
  3. Metabolism
  4. Excretion/elimination
44
Q

How the drug becomes available o the body fluids and tissue

A

Distribution

45
Q

Main route of drug excretion happens where?

A

kidneys

46
Q

4 Drug action categories

A
  • Stimulant or depressant
  • Replacement
  • Inhibition or killing organisms
  • Irritation
47
Q

3 phases of drug action

A
  • Pharmaceutics
  • Pharmocokinetics
  • Pharmacodynamics
48
Q

High protein binding effect percentage %

A

89%

Pharmocology I (5 decks)

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