CH1 Chemistry and measurements

Question 1

define chemistry

Answer 1

the study of the properties & behavior of matter

Question 2

Matter is…

Answer 2

has mass and occupies space

Question 3

property is …

Answer 3

any recognizable characteristic distinguishing it from other matter (100 elements)

Question 4

Elements..

Answer 4

made up of unique atoms

Question 5

Molecules are…

Answer 5

combinations of atoms in specific shapes

Question 6

Macroscopic =

Answer 6

observable

Question 7

Gas

Answer 7

no fixed volume/ shape (conforms to container/ compressible)

Question 8

Liquid

Answer 8

Volume independent of container (no fixed shape/ incompressible)

Question 9

Solid

Answer 9

Volume and shape independent of container (rigid/ incompressible)

Question 10

Compounds…

Answer 10

combinations of elements (ex. H2O)

Question 11

Law of Constant composition/ proportions

Answer 11

compound always consists of the same combination of elements

Question 12

Mixtures

Answer 12

a combination of 2+ pure substances

Question 13

Heterogenous mixtures

Answer 13

no uniform composition/ properties/ appearance

Question 14

Homogenous mixtures

Answer 14

uniform throughout (aka SOLUTIONS)

Question 15

Physical properties of matter

Answer 15

measured without changing the substance (no chemical change)

Question 16

Chemical properties

Answer 16

how substances react or change to form different substances

Question 17

Intensive properties

Answer 17

dont depend on the amount of substance present (temp./ melting pt./ density)
** give idea about the composition**

Question 18

Extensive properties

Answer 18

depend on QUANTITY. (ex. mass/ volume)

Question 19

Filtration

Answer 19

remove solid from liquid

Question 20

Distillation

Answer 20

boil off components from mixture

Question 21

The SCIENTIFIC METHOD

Answer 21

1. Collect data
2. Develop Hypothesis
3. Test Hypo.
4. Analyze & draw conclusion

Question 22

Level of Confidence (LOC) - Hypothesis

Answer 22

Proposed explanation (50% confidence)

Question 23

LOC- Theory

Answer 23

Broad generalization (90-95%)

Question 24

LOC- Law

Answer 24

Universal Truth (100%)

Question 25

Mass defined

Answer 25

Measure of the amount of an object (gravity dependent)

Question 26

Temperature

Answer 26

flows from high to low temps`

Question 27

Kelvin scale

Answer 27

freeze; 273.15 K | Boil ; 373.15 K

Question 28

cm3 same as

Answer 28

- cc | - mL

Question 29

dm3 same as

Answer 29

L | *L is n ot a SI unit

Question 30

Density =

Answer 30

Mass/ volume (DMV)

Question 31

Density unit =

Answer 31

g/cm3 OR g/ml

Question 32

Precision

Answer 32

how well measure quantities agree with each other

Question 33

Accuracy

Answer 33

measure quantities agree with true value

Question 34

Addition and subtraction (sig. figs)

Answer 34

least number of decimal places

Question 35

Multiplication/ division

Answer 35

report to least number of sig. figs