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AQA Physics A Level > Ch1 and ch2 Matter, Quarks and Leptons > Flashcards

Ch1 and ch2 Matter, Quarks and Leptons Flashcards

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1
Q

What is a nucleon?

A

A proton or neutron in the nucleus

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2
Q

What is a nuclide?

A

A type of nucleus

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3
Q

What does A stand for?

A

Nucleon number

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4
Q

What does Z stand for?

A

Proton number

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5
Q

How do you calculate specific charge?

A

Charge/mass

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6
Q

When does beta decay happen?
What small particle is released?

A

When a nuclei has too many electrons
Antineutrino

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7
Q

What is the range of the strong nuclear force?

A

3-4 fm attractive
Less than 0.5fm repulsive

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8
Q

When are electromagnetic waves emitted?
What is a photon?

A

When a charged particle loses energy
A packet of EM waves

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9
Q

Photon energy e=?

A

E=hf

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10
Q

Laser power= ?

A

nhf
n is number of photons passing fixed point per second

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11
Q

What is a laser beam?

A

Photons of the same frequency

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12
Q

Annihilation
Min E of each photon hfmin=?

A

Hfmin= E0

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13
Q

Pair production:
Min E of photon needed hfmin=?

A

Hfmin=2E0

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14
Q

1 MeV=?

A

1.6×10^-13 J

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15
Q

What is pair production?

A

When a photon with sufficient energy near a nucleus or electron can change into a particle-antiparticle pair

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16
Q

Give an example of electron capture

A

A proton in a proton rich nucleus turns into a neutron as a result of interacting with an inner shell electron due to weak nuclear interaction

17
Q

What type of particles are affected by the strong nuclear force?

A

Hadrons

18
Q

What properties must be conserved in particle interactions?

A

Energy
Charge
Baryon number
Lepton number
Momentum
Strangeness (only strong)

19
Q

How many quarks in baryons?

A

3

20
Q

How many quarks in mesons?

A

A quark and antiquark

21
Q

The pion can be an exchange particle for which force?

A

Strong nuclear force

22
Q

What does a kaon decay into?

A

A pion

23
Q

Give some examples of baryons

A

Proton uud
Neutron ddu

24
Q

Examples of leptons

A

Electron
Muon
Neutrino
(Their antiparticles)

25
Q

What does a muon decay into?

A

Electron

26
Q

What is the strangeness value of a strange quark?

A

-1

27
Q

Strange particles are produced through ………. interaction and decay through the ………. interaction.

A

Strong
Weak

AQA Physics A Level (8 decks)

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