Ch1 and ch2 Matter, Quarks and Leptons Flashcards
What is a nucleon?
A proton or neutron in the nucleus
What is a nuclide?
A type of nucleus
What does A stand for?
Nucleon number
What does Z stand for?
Proton number
How do you calculate specific charge?
Charge/mass
When does beta decay happen?
What small particle is released?
When a nuclei has too many electrons
Antineutrino
What is the range of the strong nuclear force?
3-4 fm attractive
Less than 0.5fm repulsive
When are electromagnetic waves emitted?
What is a photon?
When a charged particle loses energy
A packet of EM waves
Photon energy e=?
E=hf
Laser power= ?
nhf
n is number of photons passing fixed point per second
What is a laser beam?
Photons of the same frequency
Annihilation
Min E of each photon hfmin=?
Hfmin= E0
Pair production:
Min E of photon needed hfmin=?
Hfmin=2E0
1 MeV=?
1.6×10^-13 J
What is pair production?
When a photon with sufficient energy near a nucleus or electron can change into a particle-antiparticle pair
Give an example of electron capture
A proton in a proton rich nucleus turns into a neutron as a result of interacting with an inner shell electron due to weak nuclear interaction
What type of particles are affected by the strong nuclear force?
Hadrons
What properties must be conserved in particle interactions?
Energy
Charge
Baryon number
Lepton number
Momentum
Strangeness (only strong)
How many quarks in baryons?
3
How many quarks in mesons?
A quark and antiquark
The pion can be an exchange particle for which force?
Strong nuclear force
What does a kaon decay into?
A pion
Give some examples of baryons
Proton uud
Neutron ddu
Examples of leptons
Electron
Muon
Neutrino
(Their antiparticles)
