Ch 9 Nuclear Chemistry Flashcards
Henri becquerel
Uranium salts glowed
Thought like X-rays
Emitted long after phosphorescence had ceased
Marie cure
Shared Nobel prize with becquerel in 1903
Radioactivity
3 main kinds
Beta alpha gamma
Beta particles
Attracted toward positive plate so they are negatively charged
Alpha particles
Attracted to negative plate
So positively charged particles
Gamma particles
Pass between charges without deflection
No charge
Beta particles
Alpha particles
Gamma
Electrons, -1
Helium nuclei, 2 p, 2 n
Charge of +2
High energy electromagnetic
No mass or charge
Penetrating power:
Alpha stops at
Beta stops at
Gamma…
Paper
0.5 cm lead
10cm lead, greatest power
Gamma rays
Electron magnetic wavelengths
Longer is less frequency
Electromagnetic spectrum
High to low
Gamma, x rays, Uv, visible light, infrared, microwave, radio
Nuclei
Mass number (p+n) as
Atomic number (protons) as
Superscript
Subscript
Alpha emission
-4 on top
-2 on bottom
Losing helium
Moving to left 2 elements
Beta emission
Converts neuron to a proton and electron
Electron is emitted
-1 from subscript
Move right 1 on Period table
Transmutation
Changing one element into another
Happens naturally every time element gives off a beta particle
Same mass but atomic number 1 unit greater
Gamma emission
No weight no mass
Often occupied by alpha and beta emissions
Energy changes
