Ch 9 Fluid and Electrolyte Balance

Question 1

Angiotensin

Answer 1

causes vasoconstriction of blood vessels

Question 2

Aldosterone

Answer 2

signals kidneys to excrete potassium and retain sodium when dehydrated

Question 3

Renin

Answer 3

released when low BP

• kidneys reabsorb Na, retain water
• form angiotensinogen->angiotensin

Question 4

ADH

Answer 4

antidiuretic that makes you thirsty

secreted to decrease plasma osmolarity

Question 5

conversion for fluid loss

Answer 5

1 lb lost = 16 oz fluids = 2 cups (needed to replace)

Question 6

hypoNatremia–cause and consequence

Answer 6

low on sodium–high secretion and no intake (H2O w/out electrolytes

could result in heart attack

Question 7

hyperNatremia–cause and consequence

Answer 7

too much sodium–no secretion

could result in kidney failure, congestive heart failure, edema, acute hypertension

Question 8

hypoKalemia–cause and consequence

Answer 8

low on K–increase loss and decreased intake

cause–loss of appetite, irregular heartbeat

Question 9

hyperKalemia–cause and consequence

Answer 9

too much potassium

Heart attack and death

Question 10

basic function of Na/K pump

Answer 10

Na out
K in
against concentration gradient

Question 11

Potassium–best sources

Answer 11

fresh fruits and veg

Question 12

Sodium –best sources

Answer 12

processed foods

Question 13

Phosphorous–sources

Answer 13

diary, fish

Question 14

2-4% body weight lost as fluid

Answer 14

reduced muscle endurance (“thirst”)

Question 15

4-6% body weight lost as fluid

Answer 15

reduced muscle strength

Question 16

6-8% body weight lost as fluid

Answer 16

heat cramps/exhaustion (collapse)