ch 9: basic life support

Question 1

cpr meaning?

Answer 1

CARDIOPULMONARY RESUSCITATION

Question 2

A series of assessments and interventions using techniques and maneuvers made to bring victims of cardiac and respiratory arrest back to life.

Answer 2

CARDIOPULMONARY RESUSCITATION (CPR)

Question 2

WHEN TO START C.P.R.

(enumerate)

Answer 2

1. UNCONSCIOUS / UNRESPONSIVE
2. NOT BREATHING OR HAS NO NORMAL BREATHING (ONLY GASPING)
3. NO DEFINITE PULSE

NOTE: RESPONDERS NEED TO GENERALLY ASSUME THAT ALL VICTIMS HAVE INFECTIOUS DISEASES SO THAT SAFETY PROTOCOLS MUST BE COMPLETELY OBSERVED AT ALL TIMES.

Question 2

ALL VICTIMS OF CARDIAC ARREST SHOULD RECEIVE CPR UNLESS:

(enumerate)

Answer 2

1. PATIENT HAS A VALID DNAR (DO NOT ATTEMPT RESUSCITATION) ORDER.
2. PATIENT HAS SIGNS OF IRREVERSIBLE DEATH (RIGOR MORT IS, DECAPITATION, DEPENDENT LIVIDITY).
3. NO PHYSIOLOGICAL BENEFIT CAN BE EXPECTED BECAUSE THE VITAL FUNCTIONS HAVE DETERIORATED AS IN SEPTIC OR CARDIOGENIC SHOCK.
4. CONFIRMED GESTATION OF < 23 WEEKS OR BIRTH WEIGHT < 400 GRAMS, ANENCEPHALY.
5. ATTEMPTS TO PERFORM CPR WOULD PLACE THE RESCUER AT RISK OF PHYSICAL INJURY.

Question 3

WHEN TO STOP C.P.R.

(enumerate)

Answer 3

S — SPONTANEOUS SIGNS OF CIRCULATION ARE RESTORED.
T — TURNED OVER TO MEDICAL SERVICES OR PROPERLY TRAINED AND AUTHORIZED PERSONNEL.
O — OPERATOR IS ALREADY EXHAUSTED AND CANNOT CONTINUE CPR.
P — PHYSICIAN ASSUMES RESPONSIBILITY (DECLARES DEATH, TAKES OVER, ETC).
S — SCENE BECOMES UNSAFE (SUCH AS TRAFFIC, IMPENDING OR ONGOING VIOLENCE – GUN FIRES, ETC.).
S — SIGNED WAIVER TO STOP CPR.

Question 3

C.P.R. SEQUENCE: THE CAB

Answer 3

COMPRESSION – AIRWAY – BREATHING

Question 4

CORE CONCEPT: OXYGEN TO THE BRAIN

Answer 4

C.P.R. SEQUENCE: THE CAB

Question 5

CREATE BLOOD FLOW BY INCREASING INTRA-THORACIC
PRESSURE AND DIRECTLY COMPRESS THE HEART; GENERATE BLOOD FLOW AND OXYGEN DELIVERY TO THE MYOCARDIUM AND BRAIN.

Answer 5

COMPRESSIONS

Question 6

REPRESENTS A HEART THAT IS ACTIVELY PUMPING BLOOD, MOST OFTEN RECOGNIZED BY THE PRESENCE OF A PULSE IN THE NECK (AND OTHER PERIPHERAL PULSES)

Answer 6

CIRCULATION

Question 7

ASSUME THERE IS NO CIRCULATION IF THE FOLLOWING EXISTS:

(enumerate)

Answer 7

UNRESPONSIVE, NOT BREATHING, NOT MOVING AND POOR SKIN COLOR (CYANOTIC).

Question 7

SIGN OF LIFE?

Answer 7

RETURN OF SPONTANEOUS CIRCULATION (ROSC).

Question 8

COMPRESSION RATE?

Answer 8

100-120 per minute

Question 9

COMPRESSION DEPTH?

ADULTS & ADOLESCENTS

Answer 9

At least 2 inches (5cm) but should not exceed 2.4 inches (6cm)

Question 10

COMPRESSION DEPTH?

CHILDREN (age 1 year to puberty)

Answer 10

• At least 1/3 Antero-Posterior (AP) diameter of the chest
• About 2 inches (5cm)

Question 11

COMPRESSION DEPTH?

INFANTS (age less than 1 year, excluding newborns)

Answer 11

• At least 1/3 Antero-Posterior (AP) diameter of the chest
• About 1.5 inches (4cm)

Question 12

ADULT CPR

Answer 12

1. KNEEL FACING THE VICTIM’S CHEST.
2. PLACE THE HEEL OF ONE HAND ON THE CENTER OF THE CHEST.
3. PLACE THE HEEL OF THE SECOND HAND ON TOP OF THE FIRST SO THAT THE HANDS ARE OVERLAPPED AND PARALLEL.

Question 13

CHILD CPR

Answer 13

1. JUST BELOW THE NIPPLE LINE, LOWER HALF OF STERNUM
2. ONE HAND ONLY / TWO HANDS FOR BIG CHILDREN.
3. 30:2 FOR SINGLE RESCUER, 15:2 FOR 2-MAN RESCUER (OPTIONAL FOR HCP).

Question 14

INFANT CPR

Answer 14

1. JUST BELOW THE NIPPLE LINE, LOWER HALF OF THE STERNUM.
2. TWO FINGERS, FLEXING AT THE WRIST (LONE RESCUER).
3. 2 THUMB-ENCIRCLING HANDS TECHNIQUE (TWO RESCUERS).

Question 14

THIS MUST BE DONE TO ENSURE AN OPEN PASSAGE FOR SPONTANEOUS BREATHING OR MOUTH TO MOUTH DURING CPR

Answer 14

CAB: OPEN AIRWAY

Question 14

TILT THE HEAD BACK WITH YOUR ONE HAND AND LIFT UP THE CHIN WITH YOUR OTHER HAND

Answer 14

HEAD TILT CHIN LIFT MANEUVER

Question 14

A TECHNIQUE THAT CAN BE DONE BY AT LEAST TWO HIGHLY TRAINED BLS PROVIDERS (IF SUSPECTED WITH CERVICAL TRAUMA).

Answer 14

JAW THRUST MANEUVER

Question 15

COVER THE?

Answer 15

VICTIM’S MOUTH AND NOSE WITH CLOTH OR MASK BEFORE PERFORMING CHEST COMPRESSION.

Question 16

CAB: BREATHING

(enumerate)

Answer 16

1. MAINTAIN OPEN AIRWAY.
2. PINCH NOSE SHUT (IF MOUTH TO MOUTH RESCUE BREATHING (RB) IS PREFERRED).
3. OPEN YOUR MOUTH WIDE, TAKE A NORMAL BREATH, AND MAKE A TIGHT SEAL AROUND OUTSIDE OF VICTIM’S MOUTH.
4. GIVE 2 FULL BREATHS (1 SEC EACH BREATH).
5. OBSERVE CHEST RISE.
6. 30:2 (COMPRESSION TO VENTILATION RATIO).
7. 5 CYCLES OR 2 MINUTES.