Ch 9 - Amendments Flashcards
Amendment 2
Gun rights
Amendment 1
Freedom of religion, speech, press, assembly, petition
Amendment 3
No quartering of soldiers
Amendment 4
No unreasonable searches (privacy)
Amendment 5
No one forced to testify against themselves
Amendment 6
Speedy and public trial
Amendment 7
Trial by jury
Amendment 8
No cruel and unusual punishment
Amendment 9
Just because it’s not in the constitution doesn’t mean it’s not a right
Amendment 10
All powers not of the government are for the people
Amendment 11
Lawsuits between states
Amendment 12
Separate ballots for Pres and VP
Amendment 13
Abolished slavery
Amendment 14
Abolished slavery, did citizenship stuff
Amendment 15
Suffrage for former slaves
Amendment 16
Income tax
Amendment 17
Popular election of senators
Amendment 18
Prohibited production, transportation, and sale of alcohol
Amendment 19
Women’s suffrage
Amendment 20
Lame duck amendment - Changed date in which newly elected presidents, senators, and reps take office
Amendment 21
Repealed prohibition (18)
Amendment 22
Pres limited to 2 terms, 10 years max
Amendment 23
Granted DC number of electors equal to smallest state (3)
Amendment 24
No poll taxes
Amendment 25
Pres and VP succession
Amendment 26
Suffrage for 18-year-olds
Amendment 27
Congress can’t raise it’s own salary
Bill of rights
Statement of individual citizens legal privileges
3 documents that formed the background to the American bill of rights
Massachusetts Body of Liberties, English Bill of rights, virginia declaration of rights
Establishment clause
Congress shall make no law concerning an establishment of religion
Free exercise clause
Congress shall not prohibit the free exercise of religion
3 purposes of establishment and free exercise clauses
1) to prevent the establishment of a national religion
2) to safeguard the right to freedom of religion
3) to permit states to deal with religious establishment as they saw fit
Lemon tests 3 criteria
1) laws primary purpose must be secular
2) laws net effect on religion must be neutral
3) law must not entangle government with religion
First free exercise case
Reynolds v. United States (Supreme Court rules that Mormon polygamy
Slander
False speech used to destroy another’s reputation
Libel
False writing used to destroy another’s reputation
Chaplinsky v. New Hampshire
Justice Murphy ruled that the right to free speech does not include lewd, profane, obscene, and libelous speech
Dennis v. United States
Court upheld conviction of eleven leaders of the American communist party for advocating revolution
Pornography
Obscene writings or pictures designed to arouse immoral thoughts, feelings, and desires
Prior restraint
Federal approval of all punished material before printing
Roth v. United States
Defined obscenity as anything without redeeming social value
Miller v. California
Court rejected its previous social value test
Militia
The armed citizenry
Brady law
Restricts sale of handguns by requiring a waiting period for the purchase of a handgun
Warrant
A written statement issued by a judge which gives a law officer the authority to search for a specific thing in a specific place
Capital crime
Punishable by death
Felony
Other serious crime (but not capital)
Court martial
Courts for trying members if the armed forces
Eminent domain
The right of civil government to take over a persons land or other private property for public use
Bail
A sum of money that a person deposits with the court in order to be temporarily released from jail
Volstead act
Enforced 18th amendment
Lame duck
An officeholder who continues I. His capacity although he has not been reelect end
