ch. 9

Question 1

individuals with open wounds should consume this much water per day

Answer 1

30-35ml pr kg

Question 2

negative nitrogen balance indicates that…

Answer 2

more nitrogen being excreted than ingested&raquo_space; body using protein for fuel&raquo_space; malnourished&raquo_space; poor wound healing prognosis

Question 3

It is desirable for patients to maintain a positive nitrogen balance to enhance wound healing. t or F

Answer 3

T

Question 4

National pressure ulcer advisory panel recommends this amount of protein consumption per day to maintain a positive nitrogen balance

Answer 4

1.25-1.5 g/kg

Question 5

most common wound resulting from chronic protein deficiency

Answer 5

pressure ulcers

Question 6

vitamin that maintains healthy skin and epithelial integrity&raquo_space; facilitates epithelialization

Answer 6

Vitamin A - retinol

Question 7

vitamin may decrease the risk of wound dehiscence, but may also cancel out the effects of prescribed steroids if taken systemically, may be applied directly to granulating wounds or new scar tissue to avoid systemic affects

Answer 7

vit A

Question 8

Night blindness, difficulty adjusting eyes to light intensity, and scleral changes in the eyes are all manifestations of which vit deficiency? `

Answer 8

vit A

Question 9

vit helps the body absorb iron and is required for collagen synthesis

Answer 9

vit C

Question 10

prolonged deficiencies will result in scurvy

Answer 10

vit C

Question 11

bleeding gums is a manifestations of which vitamin deficiency?

Answer 11

vit C

Question 12

vitamin essential for blood clotting

Answer 12

vit K

Question 13

petechiae and wounds bleeding readily may indicat4e a deficiency in this vitamin

Answer 13

vit K

Question 14

8 water soluble vitamins essential for immune function and energy metabolism

Answer 14

B complex vitamins

Question 15

20% of this mineral is found in the skin and it mainly functions as an antioxidant

Answer 15

zinc

Question 16

deficiency of this mineral is the most common cause of anemia

Answer 16

iron

Question 17

mineral that is an essential component of hemoglobin and is required for antibody production

Answer 17

iron

Question 18

essential for hemoglobin synthesis and iron absorption and transport

Answer 18

copper

Question 19

important in bone formation, critical cofactors to over 300 enzyme systems

Answer 19

magnesium

Question 20

Vital to bone formation, bone remodeling, and muscle contraction

Answer 20

calcium

Question 21

Acute: neuromuscular hyperexcitability, dysrhythmias are consistent with deficiency of

Answer 21

calcium

Question 22

required mineral for bone formation, normal metabolism, fluid balance, and enzymes

Answer 22

phosphorous

Question 23

too little and too much can limit the body’s ability to fight infection, required for synthesis of up to 30 proteins

Answer 23

selenium

Question 24

Lab Values to Identify Malnutrition (normal values represented)
Creatinine
Serum albumin
Serum prealbumin 
Serum transferrin 
Blood Urea Nitrogen (BUN) 
Total lymphocyte count (TLC)
Blood Glucose

Answer 24

Creatinine (0.8-1.5 mg/dL)
Serum albumin (3.5-5.5 g/dL)
Serum prealbumin (16-40 mg/dL)
Serum transferrin (> 170 mg/dL)
Blood Urea Nitrogen (BUN) (5-25 mg/dL)
Total lymphocyte count (TLC) (>1,800 cells/mm^3) 
Blood Glucose (70-110 mg/dL)

Question 25

a TLC below _____ indicates immunocompromise

Answer 25

<1500

Question 26

Increased blood sugar levels are associated with an increased risk of ulceration, infection, and impaired wound healing
t or f

Answer 26

True

Question 27

ABI values =
> 1.4
1-1.4
.91-.99

Answer 27

> 1.4 artery calcification (arteriosclerosis)
1-1.4 normal
.91-.99 borderline