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holistic health intervention > Ch. 8: Evidence-Based Practice: Theory and Research > Flashcards

Ch. 8: Evidence-Based Practice: Theory and Research Flashcards

1
Q

define mechanical nursing

A

based on getting the task done

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2
Q

define holistic nursing

A

requires meeting the needs of the whole person

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3
Q

clinical practice theory

A

theory that is immediately applicable in the clinical setting

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4
Q

The Framingham Heart Study

A
  1. longitudinal, multidisciplinary research project
  2. consists of several studies carried out over 50 years
  3. to identify health and healthcare practices of Framingham, Massachusetts
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5
Q

which study made the use of mammography an accepted practice?

A

The Framingham Heart Study

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6
Q

who developed Science of Human Caring theory

A

Dr. Jean Watson

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7
Q

this theory describes what caring means from a nursing perspective.

A

science of human caring

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8
Q

why was the science of human caring and other caring theories developed?

A

nurses were mechanistic and needed to be taught how to care

Nurses worked mostly as “things to do”

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9
Q

caring theories demonstrate the value of

A

the non-task-oriented aspects of nursing

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10
Q

theory that describes the progression of a beginning nurse to increasing levels of expertise

A

Novice to Expert

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11
Q

Benner’s theory provides information necessary to

A

understand how you learn and perform your nursing responsibilties

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12
Q

define novice

A

a beginning nurse

new to the nursing profession

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13
Q

a theory is an organized set of related ideas and concepts that helps us…

A
  1. find meaning in our experiences
  2. organize our thinking around an idea
  3. develop a new ideas and insights into the work we do
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14
Q

define assumptions

A

something deemed to be true and thus is not tested with research

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15
Q

define paradigm

A

worldview or ideology of a discipline

broadest, most global conceptual framework of a discipline

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16
Q

any nursing theory should address the 4 basic concepts that are said to be the phenomena of concern for nursing:

A
  1. person
  2. environment
  3. health
  4. nursing
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17
Q

caring theory. nursing is an interpersonal theory

A

Watson

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18
Q

what was Florence Nightingale’s theory regarding the care for soldiers?

A

more men would survive if they had a clean and healthy environment and nutritious food (so the body could heal itself)

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19
Q

state Florence Nightingale’s theory

A

clean environment would improve the health of patients

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20
Q

state Virginia Henderson contribution to nursing

A
  1. Basic Principles of Nursing Care
  2. nurses deserve to know what it means to be a nurse
  3. identified 14 basic needs that are addressed by nursing care
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21
Q

who defined:
“The unique function of the nurse is to assist the individual, sick or well, in the performance of those activities contributing to health or its recovery (or to a peaceful death) that he would perform unaided of he had the necessary strength, will, or knowledge. And do this in such a way as to help him gain independence as rapidly as possible”

A

Virginia Henderson

22
Q

state the idea of Dr. Hildegard Peplau

A

health could be improved for psychiatric patients if there was a more effective way to communicate with them
(because in the 1900s, actually talking to psychiatric patients and developing personal relationship was not done)

23
Q

which theorist was big on transpersonal caring (spiritual caring, going high and beyond, wholeness of mind, body, and spirit)

A

Jean Watson

24
Q

______ involves personal concern for persons, events, projects, and things

A

caring

25
Q

caring also makes the nurse notice which

A

interventions are effective

26
Q

this theory stresses that each person is unique, so that

A

caring is always specific and relational for each nurse-person encounter

27
Q

who developed 5 stages of knowledge development and acquisition of nursing skills?

A

Patricia Benner

28
Q

the Benner Model states that the nurse contributes to the person’s health according to

A

her skill level

29
Q

define cultural competence

A

using knowledge of cultures and of nursing to provide culturally congruent and responsible care

30
Q

Which theorist focused on caring as cultural competence?

A

Madeleine Leininger

31
Q

who was behind interpersonal relations model

A

Hildegard Peplau

32
Q

who was incharge of 14 basic needs addressed by nursing care, definition of nursing,

A

Virginia Henderson

33
Q

who?

purpose of nursing is to support and meet patients’ needs for help. Nursing is a helping art

A

Ernestine Wiedenback

34
Q

who?
science of unitary human beings focuses on the betterment of human kind through new and innovative modalities. Maintaining an environment free of negative energy is important

A

Martha Rogers

35
Q

self-care deficit nursing theory explains what nursing care is required when people are not able to care for themselves. Goal is to help client attain total self-care

A

Dorothea Orem

36
Q

adaptation model was inspired by the strength and resiliency of children. The model relates to the choices people make as they adapt to illness and wellness

A

Sr. Callista Roy

37
Q

what is Maslow’s Hierarchy of Basic Human Needs

A

certain human needs are more common to all people, but some needs are more “basic” than others. the lower levels must be met before the higher levels could

38
Q

name Maslow’s Hierarchy of Basic Human Needs (top to bottom)

A
  1. Self-actualization
  2. self-esteem
  3. love and belonging
  4. safety and security
  5. physiological
39
Q

define physiological needs

A

are those that must be met to maintain life (food, air, water ,temperature regulation, elimination)

40
Q

may refer to either physical (falls, infection, effects of meds and having adequate housing) or emotional (freedom from fear and anxiety) needs

A

safety and security needs

41
Q

describe love and belonging needs

A
  1. person strives for meaningful relationships with others

2. basic need to love and be loved, give and receive affection, and have a feeling of belonging

42
Q

describe self-esteem needs

A
  1. comes through a sense of accomplishment and recognition from others and brings confidence and independence
  2. recognition from positive behaviors
43
Q

refers to the need to reach your full potential and to act unselfishly
person has developed wisdom and knows what to do in a variety of situations

A

self-actualization

44
Q

name the two growth needs that must be met before reaching self-actualization

A
  1. cognitive needs to know, understand, and explore

2. aesthetic needs for symmetry, order, and beauty

45
Q

name the higher need Maslow identified after self-actualization

A

transcendence of self

46
Q

define transcendence of self

A

drive to connect to something beyond oneself and to help others realize their potential

47
Q

______ theory arises from social work and provides for a way to communicate with older people with dementia

A

validation theory

48
Q

validation theory asks that the nurse…

A

go where the demented person is in his own mind

49
Q

describe Stress and Adaptation Theory by Hans Selye

A

states that a certain amount of stress is good for people; it keeps them motivated and alert. However, too much stress, called distress, results in physiological symptoms and eventual illness

50
Q

define informed consent

A
  1. must be obtained from every participant in a study
  2. is obtained by discussing what is expected of the participant, providing written information on the project to the participant, and obtaining the participant’s written consent to be a subject

holistic health intervention (10 decks)

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