Ch 8 Flashcards
define leaflets
flat, lead shaped structures that comprise the valves of the heard and prevent the backflow of blood
define lumen
tubular space or channel within an organ or structure of the body
define regurgitation
backflow or ejecting of contents through an opening
aneurysm/o
aneurysm
arteri/o vs arteriol/o
artery, arteriole
ather/o
fatty plaque
coron/o
heart
electr/o
electricity
embol/o
embolus (plug)
hermangi/o
blood vessel
-cardia
heart condition
define arteriosclerosis
progressive degenerative disease of arterial walls that causes them to become thickened and brittle, restricting bood flow
CAD
any disease that interferes with the ability of the coronal arteries to supply blood to the myocardium
define endocarditis
inflam of the inner lining of the heart and its valves
define varicose veins
enlarged, engorged, twisted, superficial veins
what are the 3 types of aneurysms
fusiform
saccular
dissecting
define angina
chest pain caused by obstructions of spasms of the coronary arteries that decrease blood flow to the myocardium
define arrhythmia
iregularity in the heart rhythm
define fibrillation
abnormally rapid uncoordinated quivering of the myocardium
define bruit
soft blowing sound heard on auscultation associated with vulvar action, the movement of blood as it passes an obstruction or both
define cardiomyopathy
disease or weakness of the heart muscle
define coarctation
narrowing of vessel
define embolism
intravascular mass that dislodged from one part of the body and causes a blockage in another area
define HF
heart failuredisorder that occurs when the heart is unable to effectively pump the quantity of blood required by the body
define hyperlipdemia
excessive amounts of lipids in the blood
define hypertension
elevated blood pressure
define hypotension
low blood pressure
define mitral valve prolapse
structural defect in which mitral valve leaflets prolapse into the left atrium during ventricular contraction resulting in incomplete closure and back-flow of blood
define palpitation
sensation of an irregular heartbeat
define peripheral artery disease
common circulatory disorder characterized by a reduced flow of blood to the extremities,
define rheumatic heart disease
serious pathological condition resulting from rheumatic fever
define syncope
partial or complete loss of consciousness usually caused by decreased supply of blood to the brain
define thrombosis
blood clot develops in a vessel and obstructs it at the site of its formation
define ACE, angriotensin - converting enzyme inhibitors
lowers blood pressure
define angiotensin 2 receptor blockers
lower blood pressure
define antiarrhythmics
prevent, alleviate, correct cardiac rhythm
define anticoagulants
inhibit the bodys natural coagulation response to prevent formation of clots in blood vessels
define beta blockers
block the effect of adrenaline which slows nerve pulses through the heart, causing a decrease in heart rate
define calcium channel blockers
bock movement of calcium causing heart rate and blood pressure to decrease
define diuretics
act on kidneys to increase the excretion of water and sodium
define nitrates
dilate blood vessels of the heart causing an increase in the amount of oxygen delivered to the myocardium and widen blood vessels allowing for more blood to the heart
define statnis
lower cholesterol in the blood and reduce its production in the liver by blocking the enzyme that produces it
