Ch 6 Flashcards
define bilirubin
orange yellow pigment formed during destruction of erythrocytes that is taken up by liver cells and excreted in the feces
define bolus
mass of masticated food
define exocrine
type of gland that secretes its products through excretory ducts to the surface of an organ
define sphincter
circular band of muscle fibers that constricts a passage or closes a natural opening of the body
define triglycerides
organic compound, a true fat, that is made up of 1 glycerol and 3 fatty acids
-orexia
appetite
-pepsia
digestion
-prandial
meal
dia-
through across
define ascites
abnorm accumulation of fluid in the abdominal cavity as a result of liver disease, neoplasm, inflam disorder in abdomen
define borborygmus
rumbling or gurgling noises that are audible at a distance and caused by a passage of gas through the liquid contents of the intestines
define cachexia
physical wasting that includes loss of weight or muscle mass common in aids and cancer
define cholelithiasis
presence of gallstones in the gallbladder
define cirrhosis
scarring and dysfunction of the liver caused by chronic liver disease
define crohns disease
form of inflamm bowel disease possibly affecting any portion of the intestinal tract
define dysentery
inflam of the intestines, esp the colon, caused by ingestion of water or food containing toxins that results in bloody diarrhea
define flatus
gas in the GI tract
define gastroesophageal reflux
backflow of gastric contents into the esophagus as a result of malfunction of the sphincter muscle at the inferior portion of the esophagus
define haltosis
foul smelling breath
define hermatemesis
vomiting blood
define hemorrhoids
swollen varicose veins in the anorectal region, external or internal
define intestinal obstruction
mechanical or functional blockage of the intestines that occurs when the contents of the intestines cannot move forward
define irritable bowel
symptoms marked by abdominal pain, altered bowel function for which no organic caused can be determined
define malabsorption syndrome
symptom of complex or small intestines characterized by the impaired passage of nutrients, minerals, or fluids into blood or lymph
define melena
dark, tarlike feces that contain digested blood from bleeding in the esophagus or stomach
define obsipation
sever constipation that may be caused by intestinal obstruction
define oral leukplakia
formation of white spots or patches on the mucous membrane of the tounge lip or cheek
define pyloric stenoisis
stricture or narrowing of the pyloric sphincter causing an abstruction that blocks flow of food into the intestines
define regurgitation
a backwards flow, return of solids or fluids to the mouth from the stomach
define ulcerative colitis
chronic inflam disease of he colon
define antacids
neutralize acidity in stomach
define antmetrics
control nausea and vomiting by blocking nerve impulses to the vomiting centre of the brain
define antipasmodics
decrease gastrointestinal spasms slowing peristalsis and motility throughout the GI tract
define histamine -2 blockers
inhibit secretion of stomach acid from the gastric cells by blocking the H2 receptor
define proton pump inhibitors
supress basal and stimulated acid production by inhibiting the acid pump in gastric cells
