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Health Science > Ch 7.3-7.6 Study Guide Part B > Flashcards

Ch 7.3-7.6 Study Guide Part B Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

The skin is a membrane, Organ, and system.

A

True

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2
Q

Cells of the stratum corneum are constantly shed and replaced by new cells from the stratum germinativum.

A

True

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3
Q

Sudoriferous glands usually open into hair follicle.

A

False

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4
Q

Oil glands keep the skin and hair from becoming dry and brittle.

A

True

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5
Q

Papillae help form fingerprints and footprints.

A

True

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6
Q

When blood vessels dilate, heat is retained in the body.

A

False

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7
Q

The skin helps in the production of vitamin C by using ultraviolet rays from the sun to form an initial molecule of vitamin C that matures in the liver.

A

False

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8
Q

Athlete’s foot is a contagious viral infection that usually affects the feet.

A

False

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9
Q

One example of contact dermatitis is the irritation caused by contact with poison ivy, poison sumac, or poison oak.

A

True

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10
Q

Exposure to the sun, irritating when chemicals, or radiation are the usual causes of skin cancer.

A

True

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11
Q

Alopecia is a permanent loss of hair on the scalp.

A

True

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12
Q

Carotene is a skin pigment that can lead to a black, brown, or yellow skin tint, depending on racial origin.

A

False

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13
Q

Sebum is an antibacterial and antifungal secretion that helps prevent infections on the skin.

A

True

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14
Q

Diet, cosmetics, soaps, medications, and emotional stress can all cause eczema.

A

True

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15
Q

Squamous cell carcinoma grows slowly and usually does not spread.

A

False

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16
Q

Melanoma is the most dangerous type of skin cancer.

A

True

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17
Q

Bones store most of the calcium supply of the body.

A

True

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18
Q

The epiphysis is the long shaft of bones.

A

False

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19
Q

Yellow marrow is used to diagnose blood disease and is sometimes transplanted.

A

False

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20
Q

The yellow marrow contains cells that form leukocyte a or white blood cells.

A

True

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21
Q

The periosteum is necessary for bone growth, repair, and nutrition.

A

True

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22
Q

The appendicular skeleton forms the main trunk of the body.

A

False

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23
Q

The maxilla is the lower jawbone.

A

False

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24
Q

The two cheek bones are lacrimal bones.

A

False

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25
Q

Each os coxae has three regions called the ilium, ischium, and pubis.

A

True

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26
Q

Examples of synarthrosis joints are the shoulder and hip joints.

A

False

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27
Q

Amphiarthrosis joints are freely movable.

A

False

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28
Q

A dislocation occurs when a twisting action tears the ligaments at a joint.

A

False

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29
Q

Osteoporosis is a metabolic disorder caused by hormone deficiency.

A

True

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30
Q

Arthritis is a bone inflammation usually caused by pathogenic organism.

A

False

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31
Q

Hemopoiesis, or hematopoiesis, is the production of blood cells

A

True

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32
Q

Muscles are bundles of muscle fibers held together by connective tissue.

A

True

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33
Q

When muscles contract, they become longer and thinner.

A

False

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34
Q

If a muscle functions without conscious thought or control, it is called voluntary.

A

False

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35
Q

When a muscle attaché to a bone, the end that does not move is called the origin.

A

True

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36
Q

Muscles are partially contracted at all times, even when not in use.

A

True

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37
Q

Muscles atrophy when they are exercised to the point of pain.

A

False

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38
Q

Foot drop is a common contracture.

A

True

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39
Q

Muscular dystrophy is a chimichanga where nerve impulses are not properly transmitted to the muscles.

A

False

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40
Q

Muscle spasms are sudden, painful, involuntary muscle contractions.

A

True

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41
Q

Fibromyalgia is chronic, widespread pain in specific muscle sites.

A

True

42
Q

Myasthenia gravies is a group of inherited disease that lead to chronic, progressive muscle atrophy.

A

False

43
Q

The nervous system enables the body to respond and adapt to changes that occur both inside and outside the body.

A

True

44
Q

Neurons contain several axons to carry messages to the cell body.

A

False

45
Q

The synapse is a space between the axon of one neuron and the dendrites of other neurons.

A

True

46
Q

Nerves are a combination of many nerve fibers located in the brain and spinal cord.

A

False

47
Q

The central nervous system has two divisions: The somatic nervous system and the autonomic nervous system.

A

False

48
Q

The cerebrum contains two structures, the thalamus and hypothalamus.

A

False

49
Q

The pons is responsible for reflex actions including chewing, tasting, and saliva production.

A

True

50
Q

The innermost membrane covering the brain and spinal cord is the arachnoid membrane.

A

False

51
Q

Spinal nerves are mixed nerves, both Afferent and efferent.

A

True

52
Q

Cerebral palsy is caused by brain damage that leads to a disturbance in voluntary muscle action.

A

True

53
Q

Absence or petit mal seizures cause uncontrolled muscle movements on one extremity or side of the body.

A

False

54
Q

Neuralgia is nerve pain caused by inflammation, pressure, Toxins, and other diseases.

A

True

55
Q

Paraplegia is paralysis on one side of the body and is caused by a tumor, injury, or CVA.

A

False

56
Q

The shaft of long bones is the ___.

A

Diaphysis

57
Q

The material in bones that produces red blood cells, platelets, and some white blood cells is the _____.

A

Red marrow

58
Q

The membrane that lines the medullary canal is the ____.

A

Endosteum

59
Q

Spaces, or “soft spots,” in the cranium that allow for the enlargement of the skull as the brain growth occurs are _____.

A

Fontanels

60
Q

Areas where the cranial bones have joined together are ____.

A

Sutures

61
Q

The first seven pairs of ribs are called _____.

A

True ribs

62
Q

Areas where two or more bones join together are ____.

A

Joints

63
Q

A bone break that pierces or ruptures through the skin is a ____.

A

Compound fracture

64
Q

A side-to-Side or lateral curvature of the spine is ___.

A

Scoliosis

65
Q

On The dorsal surface of the body, floating ribs attached to _____.

A

Thoracic vertebrae

66
Q

A freely movable joint such as the shoulder or hip is a ____.

A

Diarthosis

67
Q

Which of the following kinds of muscle is voluntary?

A

Skeletal

68
Q

A tough, sheetlike membrane that covers and protects the tissue is a ____.

A

Fascia

69
Q

If the leg is moved out to the side away from the body, the movement is ____.

A

Abduction

70
Q

Swinging the arm in a circle is an example of ____.

A

Circumduction

71
Q

The muscle on the upper back and neck that extends the head and moves the shoulder is the ____.

A

Trapezius

72
Q

The muscle on the upper arm that extends the lower arm is the ____.

A

Triceps brachii

73
Q

The muscle on the upper chest that adducts and Flexes the upper arm is the ___.

A

Pectoralis major

74
Q

The muscle that extends from the ribs to the Pubis and compresses the abdomen is the ______.

A

Rectus abdominus

75
Q

The muscle on the front of the lower leg that flexes and inverts The foot is the _____.

A

Tibialis anterior

76
Q

Which of the following muscles is not an injection site?

A

Triceps brachii

77
Q

The basic structural unit of the nervous system is the _____.

A

Neuron

78
Q

A nerve fiber that carries impulses toward the cell body is a _______.

A

Dendrite

79
Q

Sensory nerves that carry messages from all parts of the body to the brain and spinal cord are ______.

A

Afferent

80
Q

The part of the brain responsible for muscle coordination, balance and posture, and muscle tone is the _______.

A

Cerebellum

81
Q

The part of the brain responsible for conducting impulses between brain parts and for certain eye reflexes is the ______.

A

Midbrain

82
Q

The part of the brain that regulates heartbeat, respiration, swallowing, coughing, and blood pressure is the ______.

A

Medulla oblongata

83
Q

The membranes covering the brain and spinal cord are the _____.

A

Meninges

84
Q

Cerebrospinal fluid is produced by special structures called _____.

A

Choroid plexuses

85
Q

Hollow spaces in the brain filled with cerebrospinal fluid are called ___.

A

Ventricles

86
Q

The division of the autonomic nervous system that acts in times of emergency is the ______.

A

Sympathetic

87
Q

Paralysis of the lower extremities is ____.

A

Paraplegia

88
Q

Abnormal electrical impulses in the neurons of the brain cause _____.

A

Epilepsy

89
Q

An inflammation of the brain frequently caused by a virus contracted from a mosquito bite is ______.

A

Encephalitis

90
Q

A condition caused by continuous repetitive movement of The wrist is _____.

A

Carpal tunnel syndrome

91
Q

What is the function of sudoriferous glands?

A

Eliminates, water, Salts, and some body wastes to perspiration

92
Q

Name five functions of the skin.

A
  1. Protection 2. Absorption 3. Storage 4. Production of vitamin D 5. Body temperature
93
Q

Identify three functions of the skeletal muscles.

A
  1. Attached to bones to provide voluntary movement. 2. Produce heat and energy for the body. 3. Help maintain posture by holding the body erect.
94
Q

Name the three meninges.

A
  1. Dura mater 2. Arachnoid membrane 3. Pia mater
95
Q

List four functions of bones.

A
  1. Protection 2. Levers for movement 3. Storage 4. Framework
96
Q

Name the main groups of bones that form the axial skeleton.

A
  1. Skull 2. Ribs 3. Spinal column 4. Sternum
97
Q

Differentiate between closed reduction and open reduction of a fracture.

A
  1. Open reduction is surgical repair of the bone. 2. Close reduction alignment you’re not using a cast or splint traction.
98
Q

List the three main types of muscle and the main function of each type.

A
  1. Cardiac muscle- contracts to circulate blood. 2. Visceral muscle- contract to cause movement in internal organs. 3. Skeletal muscle- is attached to bones and causes body movements.
99
Q

List three treatments for fibromyalgia.

A
  1. Physical therapy 2. Massage 3. Exercise
100
Q

What are two main divisions of the nervous system?

A

The central nervous system and the Peripheral nervous system

101
Q

List three functions of the cerebrospinal fluid.

A
  1. It serves as a shock absorber 2. Carries nutrients 3. Remove metabolic products and wastes

Health Science (13 decks)

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