Ch 7.3-7.6 Study Guide Part B Flashcards
The skin is a membrane, Organ, and system.
True
Cells of the stratum corneum are constantly shed and replaced by new cells from the stratum germinativum.
True
Sudoriferous glands usually open into hair follicle.
False
Oil glands keep the skin and hair from becoming dry and brittle.
True
Papillae help form fingerprints and footprints.
True
When blood vessels dilate, heat is retained in the body.
False
The skin helps in the production of vitamin C by using ultraviolet rays from the sun to form an initial molecule of vitamin C that matures in the liver.
False
Athlete’s foot is a contagious viral infection that usually affects the feet.
False
One example of contact dermatitis is the irritation caused by contact with poison ivy, poison sumac, or poison oak.
True
Exposure to the sun, irritating when chemicals, or radiation are the usual causes of skin cancer.
True
Alopecia is a permanent loss of hair on the scalp.
True
Carotene is a skin pigment that can lead to a black, brown, or yellow skin tint, depending on racial origin.
False
Sebum is an antibacterial and antifungal secretion that helps prevent infections on the skin.
True
Diet, cosmetics, soaps, medications, and emotional stress can all cause eczema.
True
Squamous cell carcinoma grows slowly and usually does not spread.
False
Melanoma is the most dangerous type of skin cancer.
True
Bones store most of the calcium supply of the body.
True
The epiphysis is the long shaft of bones.
False
Yellow marrow is used to diagnose blood disease and is sometimes transplanted.
False
The yellow marrow contains cells that form leukocyte a or white blood cells.
True
The periosteum is necessary for bone growth, repair, and nutrition.
True
The appendicular skeleton forms the main trunk of the body.
False
The maxilla is the lower jawbone.
False
The two cheek bones are lacrimal bones.
False
Each os coxae has three regions called the ilium, ischium, and pubis.
True
Examples of synarthrosis joints are the shoulder and hip joints.
False
Amphiarthrosis joints are freely movable.
False
A dislocation occurs when a twisting action tears the ligaments at a joint.
False
Osteoporosis is a metabolic disorder caused by hormone deficiency.
True
Arthritis is a bone inflammation usually caused by pathogenic organism.
False
Hemopoiesis, or hematopoiesis, is the production of blood cells
True
Muscles are bundles of muscle fibers held together by connective tissue.
True
When muscles contract, they become longer and thinner.
False
If a muscle functions without conscious thought or control, it is called voluntary.
False
When a muscle attaché to a bone, the end that does not move is called the origin.
True
Muscles are partially contracted at all times, even when not in use.
True
Muscles atrophy when they are exercised to the point of pain.
False
Foot drop is a common contracture.
True
Muscular dystrophy is a chimichanga where nerve impulses are not properly transmitted to the muscles.
False
Muscle spasms are sudden, painful, involuntary muscle contractions.
True
Fibromyalgia is chronic, widespread pain in specific muscle sites.
True
Myasthenia gravies is a group of inherited disease that lead to chronic, progressive muscle atrophy.
False
The nervous system enables the body to respond and adapt to changes that occur both inside and outside the body.
True
Neurons contain several axons to carry messages to the cell body.
False
The synapse is a space between the axon of one neuron and the dendrites of other neurons.
True
Nerves are a combination of many nerve fibers located in the brain and spinal cord.
False
The central nervous system has two divisions: The somatic nervous system and the autonomic nervous system.
False
The cerebrum contains two structures, the thalamus and hypothalamus.
False
The pons is responsible for reflex actions including chewing, tasting, and saliva production.
True
The innermost membrane covering the brain and spinal cord is the arachnoid membrane.
False
Spinal nerves are mixed nerves, both Afferent and efferent.
True
Cerebral palsy is caused by brain damage that leads to a disturbance in voluntary muscle action.
True
Absence or petit mal seizures cause uncontrolled muscle movements on one extremity or side of the body.
False
Neuralgia is nerve pain caused by inflammation, pressure, Toxins, and other diseases.
True
Paraplegia is paralysis on one side of the body and is caused by a tumor, injury, or CVA.
False
The shaft of long bones is the ___.
Diaphysis
The material in bones that produces red blood cells, platelets, and some white blood cells is the _____.
Red marrow
The membrane that lines the medullary canal is the ____.
Endosteum
Spaces, or “soft spots,” in the cranium that allow for the enlargement of the skull as the brain growth occurs are _____.
Fontanels
Areas where the cranial bones have joined together are ____.
Sutures
The first seven pairs of ribs are called _____.
True ribs
Areas where two or more bones join together are ____.
Joints
A bone break that pierces or ruptures through the skin is a ____.
Compound fracture
A side-to-Side or lateral curvature of the spine is ___.
Scoliosis
On The dorsal surface of the body, floating ribs attached to _____.
Thoracic vertebrae
A freely movable joint such as the shoulder or hip is a ____.
Diarthosis
Which of the following kinds of muscle is voluntary?
Skeletal
A tough, sheetlike membrane that covers and protects the tissue is a ____.
Fascia
If the leg is moved out to the side away from the body, the movement is ____.
Abduction
Swinging the arm in a circle is an example of ____.
Circumduction
The muscle on the upper back and neck that extends the head and moves the shoulder is the ____.
Trapezius
The muscle on the upper arm that extends the lower arm is the ____.
Triceps brachii
The muscle on the upper chest that adducts and Flexes the upper arm is the ___.
Pectoralis major
The muscle that extends from the ribs to the Pubis and compresses the abdomen is the ______.
Rectus abdominus
The muscle on the front of the lower leg that flexes and inverts The foot is the _____.
Tibialis anterior
Which of the following muscles is not an injection site?
Triceps brachii
The basic structural unit of the nervous system is the _____.
Neuron
A nerve fiber that carries impulses toward the cell body is a _______.
Dendrite
Sensory nerves that carry messages from all parts of the body to the brain and spinal cord are ______.
Afferent
The part of the brain responsible for muscle coordination, balance and posture, and muscle tone is the _______.
Cerebellum
The part of the brain responsible for conducting impulses between brain parts and for certain eye reflexes is the ______.
Midbrain
The part of the brain that regulates heartbeat, respiration, swallowing, coughing, and blood pressure is the ______.
Medulla oblongata
The membranes covering the brain and spinal cord are the _____.
Meninges
Cerebrospinal fluid is produced by special structures called _____.
Choroid plexuses
Hollow spaces in the brain filled with cerebrospinal fluid are called ___.
Ventricles
The division of the autonomic nervous system that acts in times of emergency is the ______.
Sympathetic
Paralysis of the lower extremities is ____.
Paraplegia
Abnormal electrical impulses in the neurons of the brain cause _____.
Epilepsy
An inflammation of the brain frequently caused by a virus contracted from a mosquito bite is ______.
Encephalitis
A condition caused by continuous repetitive movement of The wrist is _____.
Carpal tunnel syndrome
What is the function of sudoriferous glands?
Eliminates, water, Salts, and some body wastes to perspiration
Name five functions of the skin.
- Protection 2. Absorption 3. Storage 4. Production of vitamin D 5. Body temperature
Identify three functions of the skeletal muscles.
- Attached to bones to provide voluntary movement. 2. Produce heat and energy for the body. 3. Help maintain posture by holding the body erect.
Name the three meninges.
- Dura mater 2. Arachnoid membrane 3. Pia mater
List four functions of bones.
- Protection 2. Levers for movement 3. Storage 4. Framework
Name the main groups of bones that form the axial skeleton.
- Skull 2. Ribs 3. Spinal column 4. Sternum
Differentiate between closed reduction and open reduction of a fracture.
- Open reduction is surgical repair of the bone. 2. Close reduction alignment you’re not using a cast or splint traction.
List the three main types of muscle and the main function of each type.
- Cardiac muscle- contracts to circulate blood. 2. Visceral muscle- contract to cause movement in internal organs. 3. Skeletal muscle- is attached to bones and causes body movements.
List three treatments for fibromyalgia.
- Physical therapy 2. Massage 3. Exercise
What are two main divisions of the nervous system?
The central nervous system and the Peripheral nervous system
List three functions of the cerebrospinal fluid.
- It serves as a shock absorber 2. Carries nutrients 3. Remove metabolic products and wastes
