CH-7 Poverty

Question 1

What is poverty and what are types of poverty

Answer 1

Poverty is the Inability to fulfill the minimum requirements of life(food,clothing,housing,education,health)

Relative poverty (comparison)
   Poverty across different classes, regions, countries

Absolute poverty
Poverty measured in terms of poverty line

Question 2

What is poverty line

Answer 2

Poverty line refers to the cut off point that divides the people of a region as poor and non poor

Average calorie requirement for urban - 2045 rural - 2435

Question 3

Poverty data

Answer 3

Poverty rate declined from 34% in 1960 to 21.9% in 2012
Odisha and Bihar recorded to be the poorest states
Odisha- 32% and Bihar - 33%
Punjab is the richest state with only 8.3% below poverty line population

Rural poverty declined from 54% in 1972 to 25% in 2011

Question 4

Causes of poverty

Answer 4

Low rate of growth
High population
Inflationary spiral (less GDP growth and high population )
Chronic unemployment 
Capital deficiency
Lack of infrastructure

Question 5

Measures to remove poverty

Answer 5

Through GDP growth ( employment generation)
Through improving distribution of income (fiscal - taxation and legislative - acts and policies measures)
Through population control
Development of agriculture
Stability in price level
Labor intensive techniques for production

Question 6

Poverty alleviation programe

Answer 6

MGNREGA (2005) (100 days)
FOOD FOR WORK (2004) ( PARTLY IN FOOD AND CASH)
SAMPOORNA GRAMIN ROZGAR YOJNA (2001) (FULL EMPLOYMENT AND INFRASTRUCRTUAL DEVELOPMENT) (MERGED WITH MGNREGA)
PRADHAN MANTRI GRAM SADAK YOJAN (2000) (RURAL AREAS CONNECTED THROUGH ROADS)
SWARNA JAYANTI GRAM SVAROZGAR YOJNA (1999)(SELF HELP GROUP AND MICRO ENTERPIRSE )
SWARNA JAYANTI SHAHRI RIZGAR YOJNA (1997) ( EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIES FOR BOTH SELF EMPLOYED AND WAGE EMPLOYED)