CH 10 EMPLOYMENT

Question 1

What is unemployment

Answer 1

It refers to a situation when people are willing to work at the existing wage rate And are able to work but are not getting work.

Question 2

What is labor supply, labor force and workforce

Answer 2

Labor supply refers to amount of labour that workers are willing to offer at a particular wage rate
Labour force refers to number of workers working or willing to work.
Workforce refers to number of people actually working

Question 3

Size of workforce in India

Answer 3

Nearly 40 crore persons
70% are male
70% are found in rural areas

Question 4

Employment structure in India

Answer 4

Urban 62% hired and 38% self employed
Rural 54% hired and 45% self employed

32% primary, 22% secondary , 46% tertiary sector

Question 5

What is disguised and seasonal employment

Answer 5

Disguised unemployment- when removal of one or more labour wouldn’t affect the output
Seasonal unemployment -person is employed for some part of year and remains unemployed for remaking part. Happens usually in agriculture

Question 6

What is industrial and educated unemployment

Answer 6

Industrial unemployment- refers to illiterate persons who are willing to work as labour in industries, mining etc but are not able to find jobs
Educated unemployment - fears to literate persons who are willing to work at existing wage rate but can find jobs

Question 7

Various types of unemployment in India

Answer 7

Open unemployment 
Frictional unemployment 
Structural unemployment 
Cyclical unemployment 
Underemployment

Question 8

Causes of unemployment in India

Answer 8

Slow economic growth
Population 
Seasonal occupation like agriculture 
Lack of irrigation facilities 
Joint family system
Limited mobility of labour