Ch 7 Kinetic Model of Matter# Flashcards
Describe movement of particles in solid.
Particles in solid vibrate vigorously at fixed positions.
Describe movement of particles in liquid.
Particles in liquid slide past each other over short distances.
Describe movement of particles in gas.
Particles in gas moves freely and randomly at high speeds.
Describe arrangement of particles in solid.
Particles in solid are arranged in an orderly manner.
Describe arrangement of particles in liquid.
Particles in liquid does not have a fixed arrangement.
Describe arrangement of particles in gas.
Particles in gas does not have a fixed arrangement.
Describe space between the particles in solid.
Particles in solid are packed closely together.
Describe space between the particles in liquid.
Particles in liquid are packed closely together.
Describe space between the particles in gas.
Particles in gas are far apart from one another.
Describe the forces of attraction between the particles in solid.
There are strong forces of attraction between the particles in solid.
Describe the forces of attraction between the particles in liquid.
There are strong forces of attraction between the particles in liquid.
Describe the forces of attraction between the particles in gas.
The forces of attraction between the particles in gas are negligible.
Explain why solid has a fixed shape. (using kinetic particle model)
Particles of solid are arranged in an orderly manner and can only vibrate vigorously at fixed positions.
Explain why liquid does not have a fixed shape. (using kinetic particle model)
Particles of liquid does not have a fixed arrangement and can slide past each other over short distances.
Explain why gas does not have a fixed shape. (using kinetic particle modelr)
Particles of gas does not have a fixed arrangement and can move freely and randomly at high speeds.
Explain why solid has a fixed volume. (using kinetic particle model)
Particles of solid are packed closely together and they have strong forces of attraction between them.
Explain why liquid has a fixed volume. (using kinetic particle model)
Particles of liquid are packed closely together and they have strong forces of attraction between them.
Explain why gas does not have a fixed volume. (using kinetic particle model)
Particles of gas are far apart from one another and forces of attraction between them are negligible.
Explain why solid cannot be compressed. (using kinetic particle model)
Particles of solid are packed closely together and they have strong forces of attraction between them. Therefore there is no space in between the particles of solid to move closer to one another.
Explain why liquid cannot be compressed. (using kinetic particle model)
Particles of liquid are packed closely together and they have strong forces of attraction between them. Therefore there is no space in between the particles of liquid to move closer to one another.
Explain why gas can be compressed. (using kinetic particle model)
Particles of gas are far apart from one another and forces of attraction between them are negligible. Therefore there is space in between the particles of gas to move closer to one another.
Explain why solid cannot flow. (using kinetic particle model)
Particles of solid have a fixed arrangement and can only vibrate at fixed positions.
Explain why liquid can be flow. (using kinetic particle model)
Particles of liquid does not have a fixed arrangement. and can slide past each other over short distances.
Explain why gas can be flow. (using kinetic particle model)
Particles of gas does not have a fixed arrangement. and can move freely and randomly at high speeds.
Describe what changes occurs to the movement of the particles in solid when the solid is heated.
Particles in solid would vibrate more vigorously at fixed positions.
Describe what changes occurs to the movement of the particles in liquid when the liquid is heated.
Particles in liquid would slide past each other faster over short distances.
Describe what changes occurs to the movement of the particles in gas when the gas is heated.
Particles in gas would move freely and randomly at higher speeds.
Draw a model of particles in soild.
Using only circles.
Draw a model of particles in liquid.
Using only circles.
Draw a model of particles in gas.
Using only circles.
How is temperature of an object related to the average kinetic energy of the particles in the object?
When the temperature of the object rises, the average KE of the particles in the object also rises
This also applies to when the temperature of the object drops.
Explain why the temperature of a pure substance remains constant when it is melting.
melting means changing from a solid to liquid state
1) Energy transferred to the substance results in work done against the attractive intermolecular forces.
2) The average separation of the particles increases, thus increasing the potential energy of the particles.
3) The average kinetic energy of the particles remains unchanged, temperature remains constant.
This explanation also works for boiling.
Explain why the temperature of a pure substance remains constant when it is freezing.
freezing means changing from a liquid to solid state
1) Energy is transferred out of the substance during freezing.
2) The average separation of the particles decreases, thus decreasing the potential energy of the particles.
3) The average kinetic energy of the particles remains unchanged, temperature remains constant.
This explanation also works for condensation.
