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Transportation Engineering II > Ch 7 - Intro to Railway Engineering > Flashcards

Ch 7 - Intro to Railway Engineering Flashcards

1
Q

Pioneered the development of steam energy (who and when)

A

Nicolas Carnot (1769)

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2
Q

designed and constructed a steam locomotive (who and when)

A

Richard Trevithick (1804)

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3
Q

produced the first steam locomotive used for traction in railways (who and when)

A

George
Stephenson (1814)

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4
Q

first public railway in the world was opened to traffic (when and where)

A

27 September 1825 between Stockton and Darlington

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5
Q

first railway in Germany was opened (when and where)

A

from Nurenberg to Furth in 1835

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6
Q

USA opened its first railway line (when and where)

A

between Mohawk and Hudson in 1833

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7
Q

possess mechanical design skills and knowledge of propulsion systems that allows them to design train vessels

A

Railway Engineers

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8
Q

USA’s first railway line (where and when)

A

between Mohawk and Hudson in 1833

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9
Q

The PH has had rail transport for how many years?

A

120 years

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9
Q

Who promulgated a Royal Decree directing the Office of the Inspector of Public Works of the Philippines to submit a general plan for railroads on Luzon (who and when)

A

King Alfonso XII, Spain June 25, 1875

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10
Q

The general plan by the Office of the Inspector of Public Works was titled…

A

Memoria Sobre el Plan General de Ferrocarriles enla Isla de Luzón

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11
Q

When were the first rail tracks laid?

A

1891

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12
Q

When and where did the first commercial run happen?

A

1892, Ferrocarril de Manila-Dagupan

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13
Q

How many route-kilometers were built before the war?

A

More than a thousand route-kilometers

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14
Q

Out of more than a thousand route-kilometers, how many were operational (before the war)?

A

452 route-kilometers

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15
Q

Out of 452 route-kilometers, how many remain operational?

A

30 km

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16
Q

Today, how many route-kilometers are operational in the railway network?

A

75.2 route-kilometers

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17
Q

Annually, how many passenger-kilometers are performed (at present)?

A

more than 3,000 billion passenger-kilometres

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18
Q

about 1,158 billion passenger-kilometres are done solely in what country?

A

India

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19
Q

What country has the highest kilometer traveled by train per population?

A

Switzerland

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20
Q

The average Swiss travels every year (how many kms) by train? And how many kms more than the country that comes in second?

A

2,430.9 kilometers, 500kms more

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21
Q

What country comes in second with the highest kilometer traveled by train per population?

A

Japan

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22
Q

10,000 billion freight tonne-kilometres travelled around the world each year. About a quarter each are in the what countries? (name the 3)

A

United States, China and Russia.

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23
Q

movement of steel wheels on steel rails has the basic advantage of low rolling resistance

also reduces haulage costs if it is low

A

Tractive resistance (rail transport)

24
the tractive resistance of a pneumatic tyre on metalledroads is almost five times compared to that of wheels on rails
Tractive resistance (road transport)
25
a railway track is defined on two rails and is within protected limits trains work as per prescribed schedule and no other vehicle has the _________ except at specified level crossings
Right of way (rail transport)
26
roads, though having well defined limits, can be used by any vehicular traffic and even by pedestrians , which means they are open to all
Right of way (road transport)
27
Owing to the heavy infrastructure, the initial as well as maintenance cost of a railway line is high
Cost analysis (rail transport)
28
The cost of construction and maintenance of roads is comparatively cheaper
Cost analysis (road transport)
29
the gradients of railways tracks are flatter (normally not more than 1 in 100) and curves are limited up to only 10° on broad gauge
Gradients and Curves (rail transport)
30
roads are constructed normally with steeper gradients of up to 1 in 30 and relatively much sharper curves
Gradients and Curves (road transport)
31
Due to the defined routes and facilities required for the reception and dispatch of trains, railways can be used only between fixed points.
Flexibility of movement (rail transport)
32
Road transports have much more flexibility in movement and can provide door-to-door services
Flexibility of movement (road transport)
33
Railways have minimum adverse effects on the environment
Environment pollution (rail transport)
34
Road transport creates comparatively greater pollution than the railways
Environment pollution (road transport)
35
Railways are best suited for carrying heavy goods and large numbers of passengers over long distances.
Suitability (rail transport)
36
Road transport is best suited for carrying lighter goods and smaller numbers of passengers over shorter distances.
Suitability (rail transport)
37
MODERN RAIL TRANSIT TECHNOLOGY: How fast is the fastest train?
574km/hr
38
What is bullet train in Japanese?
Shinkansen
39
Modern Railway Networks in the PH
Mass railway transit, light railway transit
40
Another example of a Modern Railway Networks
Subway
41
is the railroad on which trains run
track
42
Another term for track
Permanent way
43
Minimum distance between two rails measured as the clear minimum distance between the running faces of the two rails
Gauge
44
What are the members of the track laid in two parallel lines to provide an unchanging, continuous, and level surface for the movement of trains
Rails
45
To be able to withstand stresses, rails are made of
high-carbon steel
46
Rails are similar to...
Steel girders
47
Functions of Rails
- provide a continuous and level surface for movement of trains - provide a pathway which is smooth and has very little friction - serve as a lateral guide for the wheels - bear the stresses developed due to vertical loads - carry out the function of transmitting the load to a large area of the formation through sleepers and the ballast
48
Types of Rails (3)
Bull Headed Rail (BH) Double Headed Rail (DH) Flat-Footed Rail (FF)
49
Rail Specifications (example: IRS-52kg - 710 TISCO - II 1991 -> OB)
IRS-52kg: no. of IRS rail section 710: Grade of rail section TISCO: Manufacturer's name II 1991: Month & year of manufacture -> : direction of the top of the ingot OB: Process of steel making (open hearth basic)
50
Sleeper density (no. of sleepers per rail length) formula
M + x or N + x (M or N = length of the rail in meters) (x is a no. that varies based on factors like axle load and speed, type and section of rails, etc)
50
are the transverse ties that are laid to support the rails they transmit the wheel load from the rails to the ballast acts as an elastic medium
sleepers
51
a layer of broken stones, gravel, or any other granular material placed and packed below and around sleepers for distributing load from the sleepers to the formation
ballast
52
provides drainage as well as longitudinal and lateral stability to the track
ballast
53
functions of ballast
 Provides a level and hard bed for the sleepers to rest on.  Holds the sleepers in position during the passage of trains.  Transfers and distributes load from the sleepers to a large area of the formation.  Provides elasticity and resilience to the track for proper riding comfort.
54
 a reddish, and sometimes yellowish in color  normally used as the initial ballast in new constructions and also as sub-ballast
MOORUN of BALLAST
55
- used primarily for cast iron (CI) pots - used with wooden and steel through sleepers in areas where traffic density is very low
Coarse Sand Ballast
56
- type of ballast normally used in yards and sidings or as the initial ballast in new construction sites. - very cheap and easily available
Coal Ash or Cinder
57

Transportation Engineering II (3 decks)

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