Ch 6 - Airport Planning and Design Flashcards
designed to provide access between the runways and the terminal areas and the service hangars
taxiway
The allowance for taxiing wander which is measured from the
outside of the landing gear to the taxiway edge
Taxiway Edge Safety Margin (TESM)
the pilot must intentionally steer the cockpit outside the marked centerline (must be eliminated through design)
Judgmental oversteering
STEERING ANGLE
(the generally accepted value to prevent excessive tire scrubbing)
no more than 50 degrees
Three-Node Concept
a pilot is presented with no more than three choices at an intersection – ideally, left, right and straight ahead
INTERSECTION ANGLES
90 degrees wherever possible with intersections at standard angles (deltas) of 30, 45, 60, 90, 120, 135, and 150 degrees
used for entering the runway from the terminal
Entrance Taxiways
Allow aircraft to vacate the runway (Desirable for busy airports)
Exit Taxiway
Ideal exit taxiway for low-traffic
Right Angle exit taxiways
ideal for busy airports; most efficient for the getting the aircraft off the runway even at higher speed
High-speed exit taxiways (Acute angle exit taxiway)
To allow an aircraft ready to takeoff to bypass preceding aircraft that are
not yet ready for takeoff and is blocking the taxiway
Bypass Taxiway
Designed to allow one or more aircrafts to temporarily get refuge to make a final check before takeoff
(allow other aircraft to bypass any other aircraft not yet ready for takeoff)
Holding Aprons or Bays
total distance to reach exit speed after touchdown (SE)
SE = touchdown distance + D
D = (Vtd2 - Ve2)/2a
Total Occupancy Time
Ri = [(Vot-Vtd)/2a1] + 3 + [(Vtd-Ve)/2a2] + t
Field Length
CASE I: NORMAL TAKEOFF
FL = FS +CL
CL = 0.50[TOD – 1.15(LOD)]
TOD = 1.15(D35)
FS = TOD
TOR =TOD –CL
Field Length
CASE II: ENGINE-FAILURE TAKEOFF
FL = FS +CL
CL = 0.50[TOD –LOD]
TOD = D35
FS = TOD
TOR =TOD -CL
Field Length
CASE II: ENGINE-FAILURE ABORTED TAKEOFF
FL = FS + SW
FL = DAS
Field Length
CASE III: LANDING CASE
FS = LD
LD = SD/0.60
Formulas to determine the required field length and the various components of length (Full-strength pavement, stopway, and clearway)
FL = max (TOD, DAS, LD)
FS = max (TOR, LD)
SW = DAS – max (TOR, LD)
CL = min (FL –DAS,CL)
min CL and SW = 0
a design surface but is also an operational surface and must be kept clear during operations
Obstacle Free Zone (OFZ)
a defined volume of airspace centered above the runway centerline, above a surface whose elevation at any point is the same as the elevation of the nearest point on the runway centerline
Runway Obstacle Free Zone (ROFZ)
a defined volume of airspace centered on the approach area. It applies only to runways with an ALS
Inner-approach OFZ
a defined volume of airspace along the sides of the ROFZ and inner-approach OFZ. It applies only to runways with lower than 3/4 statute mile (1.2 km) approach visibility minimums
Inner-transitional OFZ
defined as a volume of airspace above an area beginning at the threshold elevation and centered on the extended runway centerline
Precision Obstacle Free Zone (POFZ)
enhance the protection of people and property on the ground
Runway Protection Zone (RPZ)
an area extending beyond the runway end available for completion of the takeoff operation of turbine-powered aircraft
clearway
the major interface between the airfield and the rest of the
airport
the terminal area
the major connection between ground access and the aircraft
The Passenger Terminal
Three Major Components of Passenger Terminal System
- access interface
- processing component
- flight interface
- Responsive to the needs of the people relative to convenience, comfort, and personal requirements
- Provision of effective passenger and access orientation through concise, comprehensive directional graphics
- Separation of enplaning and deplaning roadway and curb fronts to ensure maximum operational efficiency
- Provision of convenient access to public and employee parking facilities, rental car areas, ancillary facilities, and on-site non-aviation facilities.
Passenger’s Objectives (Design Consideration)
- Accommodation of existing and future aircraft fleets with maximum operational efficiency
- Provision of direct and efficient means of passenger and baggage flow for all passengers
- Provision for economic, efficient, and effective security
- Provision of facilities which will embrace the latest energy conservation measures
Airline Objectives (Design Consideration)
- Maintenance of the existing terminal operations, access system, runway system, and auxillary facilities during all stages of construction
- Provision of facilities which generates maximum revenues from concessionaires and other sources
- Provision of facilities which minimize maintenance and operating expense
Airport Management Objectives (Design Consideration)
- Render a unique and appropriate expression and impression of the community
- Provision of harmony with the existing architectural elements of the total terminal complex
- Coordination with the existing planned off-airport highway system
Community Objectives (Design Consideration)
consists of a common waiting and ticketing area with exits leading to the aircraft-parking apron
The Linear Gate Arrival Concept
has an interface with aircraft along piers extending from the
main terminal area
The Pier Concept
consists of a building surrounded by aircraft, which is separated from the terminal and is usually reached by means of a surface, underground, or above ground connector
The Satellite Concept
Aircraft and aircraft-servicing functions is
remotely located from the terminal. The connection to the terminal is provided by
vehicular transport for enplaning and deplaning passengers.
The Transporter Concept
a service center for interfacing air and ground activities in an airport. The basic purpose of the terminal area is handling passengers, baggage, and cargo.
The land side terminal
