CH 7: Finding and Reviewing Research Evidence in the Literature

Question 1

What criteria do qualitative researchers use to
assess the quality of a study?
A) Validity
B) Reliability
C) Accuracy
D) Dependability

Answer 1

D) Dependability

Question 2

What criteria do quantitative researchers use
to assess the accuracy and consistency of
information obtained in a study?
A) Reliability
B) Trustworthiness
C) Dependability
D) Confirmability

Answer 2

A) Reliability

Question 3

What refers to evidence of the researcher’s
objectivity?
A) Reliability
B) Trustworthiness
C) Dependability
D) Confirmability

Answer 3

D) Confirmability

Question 4

A thermometer measured a child’s
temperature as 98.1°F one minute and as
98.1°F the next minute. What can we assume
about the thermometer?
A) Valid instrument
B) Reliable instrument
C) Trustworthy instrument
D) Dependable instrument

Answer 4

B) Reliable instrument

Question 5

What is achieved when the research methods
engender confidence in the truth of the data
and the researchers’ interpretations?
A) Trustworthiness
C) Confirmability
D) Credibility

Answer 5

D) Credibility

Question 6

Qualitative researchers discuss methods of
enhancing the study’s data by what method?
A) Trustworthiness
B) Dependability
C) Confirmability
D) Credibility

Answer 6

A) Trustworthiness

Question 7

Which can cause bias in a study?
A) Participants’ truthful responses
B) Researcher subjectivity
C) Consistent methods of data collection
D) Adequate study design

Answer 7

B) Researcher subjectivity

Question 8

A researcher finds that a small number of
subjects did not provide accurate information
because they had just completed a rigorous
session with the physical therapist. What is
this an example of?
A) Sample bias
B) Systematic bias
C) Random bias
D) Absolute bias

Answer 8

C) Random bias

Question 9

A spring scale consistently measures people’s
weights 4 pounds lighter than their true
weight. What type of bias would this data be
on the weight?
A) Sample bias
B) Systematic bias
C) Random bias
D) Absolute bias

Answer 9

B) Systematic bias

Question 10

The researcher wants to explore the extent to
which qualitative findings can be transferred
to other settings. What is this called?
B) Generalizability
C) Transferability
D) Thick description

Answer 10

C) Transferability

Question 11

What is the process of reflecting critically on
the self and of scrutinizing personal values
that could affect interpretation?
A) Reflexivity
B) Generalizability
C) Transferability
D) Thick description

Answer 11

A) Reflexivity

Question 12

The researcher wants to explore the extent to
which quantitative findings can be applied to
other groups and settings. What is this called?
A) Reflexivity
B) Generalizability
C) Transferability
D) Thick description

Answer 12

B) Generalizability

Question 13

What is concealing information from
participants, research agents such as data
collectors, care providers, or data analysts to
enhance objectivity called?
A) Comparing
B) Relative timing
C) Masking
D) Transferring

Answer 13

C) Masking

Question 14

A researcher uses multiple sources or
referents to draw conclusions about what
constitutes the truth. What is this called?
A) Triangulation
B) Dependability
C) Confirmability
D) Credibility

Answer 14

A) Triangulation

Question 15

A researcher designs a study to determine if a
new teaching modality will benefit a
particular group of special education students
working. Which
design would the researcher be most likely to
use?
A) Comparison between two or more groups
B) Comparison of one group’s status at two or
more points in time.
C) Comparison of one group’s status under
different circumstances.
D) Comparison based on relative rankings

Answer 15

C) Comparison of one group’s status under

Question 16

What technique is the researcher using to
control extraneous variables to the study
purpose that can obscure understanding?
A) Confounding
B) Reflexivity
C) Generalizability
D) Transferability

Answer 16

A) Confounding

Question 17

Researchers often incorporate comparisons
into their designs to enhance interpretability.
What occurs when different groups of people
are compared?
A) Between-subjects design
B) Within-subjects design
C) Mixed design
D) Cross-sectional design

Answer 17

A) Between-subjects design

Question 18

What type of research design involves
collecting data at one point in time?
A) Between-subjects design
B) Within-subjects design
C) Longitudinal design
D) Cross-sectional design

Answer 18

D) Cross-sectional design

Question 19

A study addressing quality of life of a group
of patients who had undergone various
treatments for coronary artery disease was
gathered 1 year and 8 years after their
treatment. What type of study is this called?
B) Follow-up
C) Trend
D) Cohort

Answer 19

B) Follow-up

Question 20

A researcher is conducting a small-scale trial
run designed to test methods to be used in a
larger, more rigorous study. What type of
study is this called?
A) Panel
B) Feasibility
C) Trend
D) Cohort

Answer 20

B) Feasibility