CH 7 Disjunctive & Hypothetical Syllogisms

Question 1

Disjunctive Syllogism

Answer 1

Describes a relationship between two simpler propositions, doesn’t say if either are true, just that they are related

Question 2

Disjunctive Proposition

Answer 2

“and” “or” “if”

Question 3

Hypothetical Proposition

Answer 3

Another term for a conditional (if, then) proposition

Question 4

Disjunct

Answer 4

A component of a disjunctive proposition

Question 5

Antecedent

Answer 5

“if” component in a hypothetical proposition

Question 6

Consequent

Answer 6

“then” component in a hypothetical proposition

Question 7

Pure hypothetical syllogism

Answer 7

VALID

• “only” ; “if”

If p then q
If q then r
= If p then r

Question 8

Modus Ponens

Answer 8

VALID

• Affirming the Antecedent

If p, then q
p occurs
= so q

Question 9

Denying the disjunct

Answer 9

VALID

p or q
not p
= q is true

Question 10

Inclusive “or”

Answer 10

p or q = p or q or both

Question 11

Exclusive “or”

Answer 11

p or q = p/q could be true by themselves, but never both could be true

Question 12

Affirming a disjunct

Answer 12

INVALID uses “or” exclusively

• Invalid because it relies on extra background information (not premises) to lead to conclusion

Question 13

Modus Tollens

Answer 13

VALID

• Denying the Consequent

If p then q
Not q
= Not p

Question 14

Denying the Antecedent

Answer 14

INVALID

Sufficient condition but not necessary

Question 15

Affirming the Consequent

Answer 15

INVALID

Sufficient condition but not necessary

Question 16

Relativism

Answer 16

“true for me but not for you”