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Ch 5 Anatomy > Ch 7 Anatomy > Flashcards

Ch 7 Anatomy Flashcards

1
Q

Skeletal muscles are attached to the

A

Bones

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2
Q

Internal organs are found in the

A

Cavities surrounded by the bones and skeletal muscle

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3
Q

The skull protects the

A

Brain

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4
Q

The ribs and breast bone protect

A

Vital organs in the chest, which is the heart and lungs.

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5
Q

Bone contains a vital tissue

A

Red bone marrow-the blood forming tissue

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6
Q

What system helps make movements possible when bones at moveable joints are pulled by muscle

A

Skeletal

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7
Q

Where is fat stored

A

In cavities of some bones

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8
Q

Blood cell formation in red bone marrow is

A

Hematopoiesis

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9
Q

4 major bone types

A

Long, short, flat, and irregular

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10
Q

Hollow tube of hard compact bone

A

Diaphysis or shaft

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11
Q

Hollow area inside diaphysis bone that contains yellow bone marrow

A

Medullary cavity

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12
Q

Spongy bone that contains red bone marrow

A

Epiphysis or ends of the bone

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13
Q

Covers epiphyses and functions as a cushion

A

Articular cartilage

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14
Q

Strong membrane covering bone everywhere expect at joint surfaces

A

Periosteum

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15
Q

Membrane lining medullary cavity

A

Endosteum

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16
Q

The porous bone tissue on the inside of individual bones is called

A

Cancellous bone or spongy bonec

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17
Q

Calcitonin is from the

A

Thyroid gland

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18
Q

Increases mineralization of bone by reducing blood calcium levels in

A

Calcitonin

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19
Q

Parathyroid hormone is from the

A

Parathyroid glands

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20
Q

Counterbalances the effects of calcitonin by decreasing calcium in the bone is

A

Parathyroid hormones

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21
Q

When the amount of calcium in blood exceeds it’s normal level

A

Calcium moves out of the blood and into the bones for storage

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22
Q

When blood calcium decreases to a below normal level

A

Calcium moves in the opposite direction

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23
Q

The process of blood formation is

A

Hematopoirsis

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24
Q

Red bone marrow is a

A

Soft connective tissue inside the hard walls of some bones that produce both red and white blood cells

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25
Q

Blood cell formation is a vital process carried on in

A

Red bone marrow

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26
Q

The cancellous bone layer is the

A

Dipole

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27
Q

The bones of the skeletal system contain 2 major types of connective tissue

A

Bone and cartilage

28
Q

The porous bone tissue in the inside of individual bones is called

A

Cancellous bone or spongy bone

29
Q

The beams that form the lattice of spongy bone is called

A

Trabeculae

30
Q

Spongy bone contains

A

Many spaces

31
Q

The cavities of spongy bones are filled with

A

Red or yellow narrow

32
Q

Compact bone does NOT contain

A

A network of open spaces

33
Q

The extracellular matrix is organized into numerous structural units called

A

Osteons or haversian systems

34
Q

Each circular and tubelike osteon is composed of

A

Calcified matrix arranged in multiple layers that resemble rings of an onion

35
Q

Each ring is called a

A

Concentric lamella

36
Q

The circular lamellae surround the

A

Central gland or Haversian canal

37
Q

The central canals are connected to each other by

A

Transverse canals

38
Q

Lifeless matrix are many living bone cells called

A

Osteocytes

39
Q

Osteocytes lie between the

A

Hard layers of the lamellae in littles spaces called lacunae

40
Q

Tiny passage ways or canals is called

A

Canaliculi

41
Q

What are cartilage cells called?

A

Chondrocytes

42
Q

Chondrocytes are located in

A

Lacunae

43
Q

Bone forming cells are called

A

Osteoblasts

44
Q

Bone reabsorbing cells are called

A

Osteoclasts

45
Q

When osteoblasts become “trapped” they stop forming bone and are called

(Keyword osteo)

A

Osteocytes

46
Q

Endochondral ossification means

Keyword C

A

Formed in cartilage

47
Q

A long bone grows and becomes

A

Ossified

48
Q

Skull bones are formed by calcification of fibrous membranes in a process called

A

Intramembranous ossification

49
Q

The human skeleton has 2 divisions

A

Axial skeleton and appendicular skeleton

50
Q

The bones of the skull, spine, and chest and hyoid bone in the neck are all in the

A

Axial skeleton

51
Q

The skull consists of

A

8 bones that form the cranium, 14 bones that form the face, and 6 tiny bones in the middle ear

52
Q

Sinuses are

Keyword S

A

Spaces or cavities inside some of the cranial bones

53
Q

Mastoiditis is

The prefix itis means?

A

Inflammation of the air spaces

54
Q

How many bones does the axial skeleton have

A

80

55
Q

How many vertebrae

A

24

56
Q

Spinal curvatures support the body, but can become

A

Abnormally exaggerated

57
Q

How many bones are found the appendicular

A

126

58
Q

How many bones are in the upper extremity of the appendicular skeleton

A

64

59
Q

The lower extremity of the appendicular skeleton has how many bones

A

62

60
Q

Which skeleton is larger? Male ore female

A

Male

61
Q

The male pelvis is

A

Deep and narrow

62
Q

The female pelvis

A

Shallow and broad

63
Q

Bones enlarge and become more ossified until what age?

A

25

64
Q

A joint between 2 or more bones is called

A

Articulation

65
Q

Kinds of joints

A

Synarthroses (no movement)

Amphiarthroses (slight movement)

Diarthroses(free movement)

Ch 5 Anatomy (4 decks)

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