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CS 242 Mike > Ch 7 > Flashcards

Ch 7 Flashcards

1
Q

prefix length

A

shorthand method of identifying subnet mask

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2
Q

multicast definition

A

the process of sending a packet from one host to a selected group of hosts, possibly in different networks

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3
Q

directed broadcast

A

sent to all hosts on a specific network

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4
Q

limited broadcasts

A

sent to 255.255.255.255

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5
Q

APIPA

A

Automatic Private IP Addressing
used by Windows DHCP client to self-configure if DHCP unavailable
useful in peer-to-peer communication

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6
Q

classless addressing

A

service providers can allocate IPv4 addresses on any address bit boundary (prefix length) instead of only by class.

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7
Q

IANA

A

Internet Assigned Numbers Authority.
Allocates blocks of IPs to RIR
Works on behalf of ICANN.

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8
Q

RIR

A

Regional Internet Registries
allocate IPs to ISP
some organizations can get IPs directly from RIR

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9
Q

ARIN

A

American Registry for Internet Numbers

manages IPv4 and IPv6 addresses for North America

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10
Q

Other RIRs

A

RIPE (Europe and Central Asia)
APNIC (Asia Pacific)
AfriNIC (NIC = Network Information Centre)
LACNIC

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11
Q

private addresses

A
  1. 0.0.0 /8
  2. 16.0.0 /12 (31)
  3. 168.0.0 /16
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12
Q

loopback

A

172.0.0.0 /8

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13
Q

APIPA

A

169.254.0.0 /16

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14
Q

Class A

A

0.0.0.0 /8 to 127.0.0.0 /8
128 networks
16,777,214 hosts per network
50% of addresses

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15
Q

Class B

A

128.0.0.0 /16 - 191.255.0.0 /16
16,384 networks
65,534 hosts per network
25% of addresses

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16
Q

Class C

A

192.0.0.0 /24 - 223.255.255.0 /24
2,097,152 networks
254 hosts per network
12.5% of addresses

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17
Q

Class D

A

multicast

224.0.0.0 to 239.255.255.255

18
Q

Class E

A

experimental

240.0.0.0 to 255.0.0.0

19
Q

dual stack

A

running IPv4 and v6 at the same time

20
Q

tunneling

A

transporting IPv6 over IPv4 network

21
Q

NAT64

A

allows IPv6 device to communicate with IPv4 networks if router can translate

22
Q

3 types of IPv6 addresses

A

unicast
multicast (there is an all-nodes multicast)
anycast (packet goes to nearest device in group)

23
Q

6 types of IPv6 unicast addresses

A 
global unicast
link-local unicast
loopback ::1/128
unspecified address ::/128
unique local (FC00:/7 - FDFF::/7)
embedded IPv4
24
Q

IPv6 link local range

A

FE80::/10

first hextet has this range: FE80 - FEBF

25
Q

IPv6 global unicast range

A 
first 3 bits = 001
so 0010 = 2 or 0011 = 3 
2000::/3 or 3FFF::/3 as examples
1/8 of address space being assigned
2001:ODB8::/32 = reserved for documentation
26
Q

typical IPv6 structure

A

global routing = 48 bits
subnet ID = 16 bits
interface ID = 64 bits

27
Q

command to enable IPv6

A

(config)#ipv6 unicast-routing

28
Q

IPv6 config information

A

network prefix and length
default gateway address
DNS address and domain name

29
Q

SLAAC

A

stateless address autoconfiguration

30
Q

3 options for getting config

A
  1. SLAAC (all config, info in message, client creates its own global unicast address)
  2. SLAAC and stateless DHCP (create own global, use router link local for gateway, DHCP for DNS)
  3. Stateful DHCP (all info except router link-local gateway)
31
Q

EUI-64

A

Extended Unique Identifier

uses MAC address, flips 7th bit, inserts FFFE in middle of MAC

32
Q

DAD

A

Duplicate Address Detection

33
Q

IPv6 multicast address

A

FF00::/8
all nodes address - FF02::1 (local broadcast)
all routers address - FF02::2 (ipv6 unicast-routing command)

34
Q

ICMP errors

A

host confirmation
destination or service unreachable
time exceeded (when TTL goes to 0)
route redirection

35
Q

destination unreachable codes

A

0 - net unreachable
1 - host unreachable
2 - protocol unreachable
3 - port unreachable

36
Q

router solicitation

A

if host configured to get addressing via SLAAC, sends RS request for RA

37
Q

router advertisement

A

Routers send out RA messages periodically

includes default gateway and link-local address

38
Q

neighbor solicitation and advertisement

A

used for address resolution and DAD (similar to ARP)

39
Q

meaning of failure to ping loopback

A

TCP/IP not working on host.

40
Q

windows get ipv6 config

A

ipv6config /all

CS 242 Mike (7 decks)

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