Ch. 7-8 Intelligence, Motivation and Emotion

Question 0

Thurstone, 7 mental abilities, g, average.

Answer 0

Seven: verbal comprehension, numerical ability, reasoning, perceptual speed…….. (Two more)

G factor not as important; just average score of independent abilities. Less important than pattern of mental abilities.

Question 1

Spearman and general intelligence. (G factor)

Answer 1

G factor is responsible for mental ability/performance. You either have it or you don’t

If you have it, life will be well, if not, sucks for you bro.

Question 2

Gardner, 8 intelligences

Answer 2

Linguistic

Logical-mathematical

Musical

Spatial

Bodily-kinesthetic

Interpersonal

Intrapersonal

Naturalist

Question 3

Linguistic intelligence (8 Gardner)

Answer 3

Adept use of language: writer, public speaker

Question 4

Logical-mathematical intelligence (8 Gardner)

Answer 4

Logical, mathematic, scientific ability: scientist, mathematician, surveyor, navigator

Question 5

Musical intelligence (8 Gardner)

Answer 5

Ability to create, synthesize, or perform music: musician, composer, singer

Question 6

Spatial intelligence (8 Gardner)

Answer 6

Ability to mentally visualize the relationships of objects and movement: sculptor, painter, chess expert, architect

Question 7

Bodily-kinesthetic intelligence (8 Gardner)

Answer 7

Control of bodily motions and capacity to handle objects skillfully: athlete, dancer, crafts person

Question 8

Interpersonal intelligence (8 Gardner)

Answer 8

Understanding of other people’s emotions, motives, intensions: politician, salesperson, clinical psychologist.

Question 9

Intrapersonal intelligence (8 Gardner)

Answer 9

Understanding of one’s own emotions, motives, and intensions: essayist, philosopher.

Question 10

Naturalist intelligence (8 Gardner)

Answer 10

Ability to discern patterns in nature: ecologist, zoologist, botanist.

Question 11

Stearnberg, triarchic intelligence test

Answer 11

Analytical, creative, practical.

“Successful intelligence”

Emphasizes universal aspects of intelligent behavior and the importance of adapting to particular social and cultural environments

Question 12

Analytic intelligence (sternberg tri)

Answer 12

Mental processes used in learning how to solve problems, such as picking a problem solving strategy and applying it.

Question 13

Creative intelligence (sternberg tri)

Answer 13

Ability to deal with novel situations by drawing on existing skills and knowledge.

(Using old experience to deal with new ones)

Question 14

Practical intelligence (sternberg tri)

Answer 14

Ability to adapt to the environment and often reflects what is commonly called “street smarts”.

Question 15

Binet: first individual intelligence test

Answer 15

French government made school required.

Series of tests to measure mental abilities.

Chronological age vs. mental age

Question 16

Intelligence quotient

Answer 16

IQ

Mental age/chronological age*100

Question 17

Stanford-Binet, USA

Answer 17

Original Binet test adapted into English, led to IQ number being quantified.

Question 18

WAIS v. WISC

Answer 18

Weschler adult intelligence scale

Weschler intelligence scale for children.

Calculated IQ by comparing scores of people in similar age groups.

Question 19

Nature v. Nurture

Answer 19

Both affect intelligence.

Nature = inherited genetics. 
Nurture = upbringing/environment

Question 20

Twin studies

Answer 20

Identical twins = similar IQ

fraternal twins = less similar than identical IQ

identical twins raised apart = less similar IQ

Question 21

Culture fair

Answer 21

Not being biased based on cultural origin.

Impossible to create a test completely culture fair.

Question 22

Drive reduction theory

Answer 22

Freud

Behavior is motivated by desire to reduce internal tension. (Hunger, thirst)

Question 23

Arousal theory

Answer 23

People are motivated to maintain a mid level amount of arousal, not too much/little

Question 24

Incentive theory

Answer 24

Behavior is motivated by desire for external rewards.

Question 25

Humanistic theory

Answer 25

People are motivated to realize their personal potential.

Question 26

Self-determination theory

Answer 26

People are actively growth oriented. They move toward a unified sense of self and integration with others.

Question 27

Achievement theory

Answer 27

Drive to excel or outperform others at specific tasks. Culture plays a role. Asians care more about achievement.

Question 28

Emotions, two pathways.

Answer 28

Amygdala. Limbic system.

Autonomic nervous system.

Question 29

James-Lange

Answer 29

We are afraid because of trembling not tremble out of fear. Body signals trigger emotion.

Question 30

Ekman’s studies.

Answer 30

More than 7,000 facial expressions possible. We can decipher them all.

Happiness, sadness, surprise, fear, anger, disgust

Question 31

Cognitive appraisal

Answer 31

Emotional responses are triggered by cognitive evaluation.

Emotion results from our appraisal of personal meanings of experiences.