Ch 7 & 8 Flashcards
Euphoria vs Dysphoria
Euphoria = intense happiness, excitement, well being
Dysphoria = Extreme sad mood
What is major depressive disorder
severe ep of depressive symptoms
Diagnostic criteria for Major depressive disorder
2 weeks person will experience Depressed mood all day, no interest or pleasure on daily activities, increase or decrease appetite, more sleep or less, feeling worthless
What is major depressive episode?
Ep can vary from weeks to months, not just being sad its more extreme
How common is Major depressive disorder
about 16.6% common
Is there a certain demographics that are more likely to have it?
women are more likely to experience
Ages 18-25 are more likely to experience than a 60 yr old
What is Persistent depressive disorder
chronic depression of less intensity than major depressive disorder
How does persistent depressive disorder and major depressive disorder different
from persistent depressive disorder the symptoms are less severe and are experience for less then 2 years and symptoms are no longer than 2 months
Major depressive disorder consist of severe symptoms within the 2 weeks span
What is disruptive mood dysregulation disorder
Disorder in children who exhibit chronic and severe irritability and frequent temper outburst
what population is this diagnosis specifically for disruptive mood dysregulation disorder
in children before 6 yrs old or after 18 yrs old
what is premenstrual dysphoric disorder
Changes in mood, irritability, and anxiety that occur during the premenstrual phase of the monthly menstrual cycle
why is the premenstrual dysphoric disorder on the DSM-5?
Between 1.8 and 5.8 women experience the symptoms
What is a manic episode?
euphoric mood with symptoms involving high levels of thinking, behavior, and emotions
what is a hypomanic episode
abnormal and persistent elevated or irritable mood, abnormal increase activity or energy
how is manic and hypomanic ep different
Manic can last up to 1 week and hypomanic can last up to 4 days and is less sever
what is the difference between bipolar 1 and bipolar 2
bipolar 1 one or more manic ep and possible major depressive ep
bipolar 2 one or more major depressive ep and at least one hypomanic ap
what are the diagnostic criteria for bipolar 1 and 2
bi polar 1 have manic ep and no depressive ep and bi polar 2 has depressive ep no manic
what is cyclothymic disorder
symptoms are chronic and less sever than those with bipolar disorder
How is cyclothymic disorder and bipolar 1 and 2 different
cyclothymic disorder can last up to 2 years but hypomanic and depressive ep do not meet the criteria
what are some of the proposed biological causes of mood disorder
biological abnormalities, dysfunctional cognitive process, sociocultural factors
What is the most common form of biologically based treatment for depression?
antidepressant medication
SSRI/ SNRI
What is the most common form of biologically based treatment for Bipolar disorder?
Lithium Carbonate
what are some potential issues with anti depressant medications
few side effects and take time to work (2-6 weeks)
what is ECT?
Electroconvulsive Therapy
what is ECT use for?
Electrically induced seizure that is use for treating sever depression
what is ECT under what condition
depression
what is cognitive distortion
Errors that depressed people make in the way they draw conclusions from their experience
how is cognitive distortion related to mood disorder
It adds to the cycle of depression
sociocultural causes that mood disorder cause
People develop depressive disorders in response to stressful life circumstances
which group are at higher risk of suicide
Women & most common are 45-54 yr old
what are the basic components of an anxiety disorder
A sense of what might happen to you in the future
how common is anxiety disorder
everyone can experience anxiety but not everyone can have anxiety disorder
what is a phobia?
An irrational, overwhelming fear associated with a particular object or situation
what are the diagnostic criteria for a phobia
the phobia object or situation can provoke immediate fear or anxiety
what can you have a phobia for ?
You can develop a phobia for anything
what are the treatments for a phobia ? is it effective
systematic desensitization and flooding
what is social anxiety disorder
fear or anxiety about social situation which the individual may feel criticized by others
what are some examples of how social anxiety might affect people
social interaction, being observed, performing
what is a panic disorder
recurrent unexpected panic attack
what is panic attack
intense fear or intense discomfort that reaches its peak within minutes
what is the diagnostic criteria for panic disorder
attacks that have been persistent by one. feeling like your going to have a heart attack and avoiding certain stations
how is agoraphobia related to panic disorder
its an anxiety trigger follow by a real or anticipation exposure of a situation which you’re unable to get help
what type of treatments would be appropriate for someone with panic disorder ?
benzodiazepine are prescribed
what is generalized anxiety disorder
excessive uncontrollable anxiety and worry on most days without an apparent cause
what are the diagnostic criteria for generalized anxiety disorder
lots of anxiety and worry that occurs more days than not for at least 6 months
any demographic difference with generalized anxiety disorder
women are 2 times more likely to experience It
how can generalized anxiety disorder be treated
Cognitive behavioral therapy, or SSRI/SNRI are prescribed
what is obsessive compulsive disorder
individuals experience an obsession and compulsion or both
what is an obsession
recurring and persistent thoughts, urges, or images
what is a compulsion
repetitive behavior or mental acts that the individual feels driven to perform
how are obsession and compulsion related
these 2 go hand to hand in uncontrolled behavior
what is a typical treatment for OCD
SSRI can help
how is OCD treatments effective
it helps you from engaging in those obsessive thoughts and compulsions
what is a body dysmorphic disorder
worry with one or more perceived defects or flaws in physical appearance
what are some of the risks associated with body dysmorphic disorder
comparing yourself with others also comorbid with depression, social anxiety, obsessive compulsive, and eating disorder
what treatments is available for those with body dysmorphic disorder
SSRI can help but not effective but Cognitive behavioral therapy can
what is hoarding disorder
difficulty with letting go possessions regardless of their value
what is trichotillomania
recurring hair pulling and resulting in hair loss
what is excoriation
recurrent skin picking resulting in lesions
how are trichotillomania and excoriation similar and different
they both relief pleasure gratifcation
one is hair pulling and the other is skin picking
acute stress disorder
develops after a traumatic event last between 3 days and 1 month
psot tramatic stress disorder
develops after a traumatic event can last up to 1 month (other cases 1 year)
theories of ptsd
caused by trauma and it is not genetics
trauma can alter Brian function
treatments of ptsd
Cognitive behavioral therapy
