Ch 5,6 study guide Flashcards
What is a neurodevelopment disorder
Beings in childhood and has
major impact on social and cognitive functioning
What is an intellectual disability?
Intellectual and adaptive deficits
What are the three sets of criteria for diagnosis?
- Intelligence testing
- Impairments in functioning
- Age of onset (must be before 18)
How do you use an IQ test for assessment of intellectual disability?
►Ability to learn from experience
►Learning in an academic setting
►Reasoning
►Problem-solving
►Judgment
What intellectual disability is the cutoff?
70 or below
- What are “Impairments in Functioning” and what are some examples?
impairments in adaptive functioning, relative to a person’s age and cultural group
What are the degree’s of severity for intellectual disability? How are they determined?
Mild, Moderate, Severe, profound
Assess and assign the severity of intellectual disability
What are the two primary categories of causes for intellectual disability?
Genetic and environmental
How do dominant and recessive genes work?
Dominant = always will exert its effect
Recessive = only exert its effect if BOTH genes are recessive
What is a genetic abnormality? How do they occur?
Abnormalities that genetic.
It occurs during insemination
What is a chromosomal abnormality? How do they occur?
Down syndrome
21 chromosome
what is the criteria for a neurodevelopment disorder
Social interaction and communication skills
What is a teratogen?
Any agent that can cause a birth defect or negatively alter cognitive and behavioral outcomes
What are the treatments for intellectual disabilities?
No cure but early intervention can help
What is autism spectrum disorder?
impairments in social communication, performance of restricted, & repetitive behaviors
What are the two domains assessed for autism spectrum disorder
►1) Social & communication disturbances
►2) Restricted range of interests and performance of repetitive behaviors/activities
What are the 3 levels of severity for autism spectrum disorder?
Requiring support (mild)
►Requiring substantial
support (moderate)
►Requiring very substantial
support (severe)
Social & Communication Disturbances
Developmental delays in use of language (no autism)
Behavioral Disturbances ?
Disturbances in Sensitivity to Stimuli ?
- Restricted or repetitive behaviors
►Tapping their hands or fingers,
twisting their bodies, rocking
back and forth, etc.
Lack of sensitivity
-feel no pain, hurt, hot, cold
Autistic Savant Syndrome
Possess an extraordinary skill
Causes and treatment of autistic spectrum disorder
genetics & no cure
Basics of Operant Conditioning and how it can be used in treatment of autism
A learning process where it’s voluntary behaviors are modify and rewarded
What is a specific learning disorder
Experiencing a delay or deficit in ability to acquire a basic academic skill
what are the impairment types of learning disorder
Mathematics, writing expression, reading, dyslexia )(
What is ADHD
persistent pattern of inattention and/or hyperactivity
what are the domains of symptoms of ADHD
Inattention, Hyperactivity & Inpulsivity
What are the different diagnoses for ADHD, and how do they differ?
ADHD (inattentive)
ADHD (hyper-active impulsive)
ADHD (combined)
What are some of the potential consequences of ADHD
Academic failure, peer rejection, accidental injury
ADHD in Adulthood
They can diminish but some can persiste throughout lifespan
Causes and Treatment of ADHD
Causes= Genetics, birth complications, infection disease
Treatment= medication, cognitive behavioral therapy
Tic Disorders:
Tourette’s Disorder :
- A tic is a rapid, recurring involuntary movement or vocalization
-Combination of chronic movement and vocal tics
What is psychosis?
Psychological state in which a person’s perceptions & thoughts are fundamentally removed from reality
What does it mean to have a psychotic experience?
- Difficulty thinking or speaking in a coherent manner
- vivid images or voices
What is schizophrenia?
Severe psychological disorder characterized by highly disordered thought processes
What is a delusion?
false belief not consistent with client’s intelligence or cultural background
What is an hallucination?
False perception not corresponding to the objective present in the environment
Is a delusion and hallucination the same?
Hallucination, is something here and see so something that’s not real and delusion is a false belief that you deeply believe even though not true 
Positive Symptoms, Negative Symptoms and Cognitive Deficits
Positive symptoms = hallucination, delusion, disorganized speech
Negative symptoms = Functioning below the level that would be considered to be “normal”
Psychosis symptom severity, how is this evaluated?
?
What is remission?
the individual’s symptoms no longer interfere with his or her behavior
Consequences of having schizophrenia
Not being able to function like the rest of the “”no more people
What is brief psychotic disorder and how is it different from schizophrenia?
Individual develops symptoms of psychosis that do not persist past a short period of time
Symptoms appear 1 day & recover less than a month
What is schizophreniform disorder and how is it different from schizophrenia?
Essentially the same symptoms of schizophrenia, but shorter duration
Symptoms last between one month to six months
What is schizoaffective disorder and how is it different from schizophrenia?
Mixed with depressive + manic ep + schizophrenia
What are delusional disorders?
People who have only one psychotic symptom, delusions, that have lasted at least one month
What are the different types of delusions disorders
Erotomanic , Grandiose, Jealous, Persecutory, Somatic Type
Biological causes and treatment of schizophrenia
Chemical imbalance = too much dopamine
Treatment = anti psychotic medication
Psychological causes and treatment of schizophrenia
- Deficits in attention, memory
and processing speed - Difficulty perceiving emotions of others
Treatment = cognitive behavioral therapy
Sociocultural causes and treatment of schizophrenia
Focuses on family system
Treatment = assertive community treatment
