Ch 7

Question 0

Population dynamics

Answer 0

The changes over time of population size and composition

Question 1

Population

Answer 1

All the individuals of a species that live in the same geographic area and are able to interact and interbreed

Question 2

Minimum viable population

Answer 2

The smallest number of individuals that would still allow a population to be able to persist or grow, ensuring long-term survival

Question 3

Environmental impact statement

Answer 3

An evaluation of the positive and negative impacts of a proposed environmental action, including alternative actions that could be pursued

Question 4

Population density

Answer 4

The number of individuals per-unit area

Question 5

Population distribution

Answer 5

The location and spacing of individuals within their range

Question 6

Clumped distribution

Answer 6

Individuals are found in groups or patches within the habitat

Question 7

Random distribution

Answer 7

Individuals are spread out over the environment irregularly with no discernable pattern

Question 8

Uniform distribution

Answer 8

Individuals are space evenly, perhaps due to territorial behavior or mechanisms for suppressing the growth of nearby individuals

Question 9

Population growth rate

Answer 9

The change in population size over time (births minus deaths over a specific time period)

Question 10

Birth rate

Answer 10

The number of births per 1000 individuals per year

Question 11

Death rate

Answer 11

The number of deaths per 1000 individuals per year

Question 12

Biotic potential (r)

Answer 12

The maximum rate at which the population can grow due to births if each member of the population survives and reproduces

Question 13

Exponential growth

Answer 13

Population size becomes progressively larger each breeding cycle; produces a J curve when plotted over time

Question 14

Logistic growth

Answer 14

The kind of growth in which population size increases rapidly at first but then slows down as the population becomes larger; produces an S curve when plotted over time

Question 15

Carrying capacity (K)

Answer 15

The population size that a particular environment can support indefinitely without long-term damage to the environment

Question 16

Density dependent

Answer 16

Factors, such as predation or disease, whose impact on the population increases as population size goes up

Question 17

Density independent

Answer 17

Factors, such as storm or an avalanche, whose impact on the population is not related to population size

Question 18

Reproductive strategies

Answer 18

How quickly a population can potentially increase, reflecting the biology of the species (lifespan, fecundity, maturity rate, etc.)

Question 19

r-Selected species

Answer 19

Species that have a high biotic potential and that share other characteristics such as short lifespan, early maturity, and high fecundity

Question 20

K-Selected species

Answer 20

Species that have a low biotic potential and that share characteristics such as long lifespan, late maturity, and low fecundity; generally show logistic population growth

Question 21

Boom-and-bust cycle

Answer 21

Fluctuations in population size that produce a very large population followed by a crash that lowers the population size drastically, followed again by an increase to a large size and a subsequent crash

Question 22

Extirpation

Answer 22

Local extinction of a species