Ch 7 Flashcards
Valence electrons
Electrons in the highest occupied energy level of an elements atoms. (Determine chemical properties)
Electrons dot structure
Diagrams that show valence electrons in the atoms of an element as dots
Octet rule
States that in forming compounds, atoms tend to achieve electron configuration of a noble gas. (Set or eight)
Cations
Positively charged ion formed when atoms lose electrons
Anions
Negatively charged ions formed when atoms gain valence electrons.
Metallic atoms tend to lose valence electrons to produce cation. Most nonmetallic atoms achieve a complete octet by gaining or sharing electrons
Metallic=cation nonmetallic=anion
What property of nonmetallic elements makes them more likely to gain electrons than lose them
They have relatively full valence shells
True or false: Elements of halogen family lose one electron to become halide ions
True
Ionic Bond
Electrostatic forces that hold ions, ionic compounds are electrically neutral. Cations and anions must be equal
Why do beryllium and Flourine combine in a 1:2 ratio
Beryllium has two valence electrons and flourine has one. This means Be has enough to satisfy 2 Fl atoms. Be will also be satisfied after losing two
Formula unit
The lowest whole-number ratio of ions in an ionic compound. (Most are crystalline solids at room temp.
Ionic compounds generally have_____ melting points
High
What does a coordination number tell you
The number of ions of opposite charge rush surround ion in a crystal
Ionic compounds are
When dissolved in water, ionic compounds can
Electrically neutral
Conduct electricity
