ch 7

Question 1

Group of 2 or more ppl working tg to achieve a common set of goals

Answer 1

Organization

Question 2

The diagram that represents the positions and relationships within an organization

Answer 2

Org Chart

Question 3

Line of authority that extends from the highest to the lowest levels of n org

Answer 3

Chain of command

Question 4

Charts clarify positions and relationships for everyone in the org structure. however larger orgs do not maintain complete detailed charts, due to constant changes and updates in their structure.

Answer 4

Oganization charts

Question 5

-Separation of all org activities into distinct tasks and the assignment of diff tasks to diff ppl
-Some job specialization is necessary for every org because the job of most orgs is too large for one person to handle
-the more specialized the easier the job training
-drawback: Boredom and dissatisfaction of employees when repeating the same tasks.

Answer 5

Job specialization

Question 6

Systematic shifting of employees from one job to another
Employees:
-Stay interested in their job
-Develop new skills
-Identify new roles where they may want to focus their energies in the future

Answer 6

Job rotation

Question 7

Grouping jobs that relate to the same organizational activity
Advantages:
-Simplified supervision
-Easy coordination
Disadvantages
-Slow decision making
-Tend to emphasize the dept over the org as a whole

Answer 7

Departmentalization by function

Question 8

-Grouping activities related to a particular prod or service, & often used by older/larger firms that prod and sell a variety of prod
advantages - Easier decision-making, &
Provides for the integration of all activities associated with each prod
Disadvantages - Causes some duplication of specialized activities between dpts
tends to emphasize the prod over the org as a whole

Answer 8

Departmentalization by product

Question 9

Grouping activities according to the needs of various customer populations
Advantage - allows the firm to deal efficiently w unique customers or customer groups
Disadvantage - Requires a larger than usual admin staff

Answer 9

Departmentalization by Customer

Question 10

Grouping activities according to the defined geographic area in which they are performed
Departmental areas may range from whole countries to city blocks
Advantage - Allows org to cater to demands and requirements of diff locations
Disadvantage
often Requires large administrative staff and an elaborate control system to coordinate operations across many location

Answer 10

Departmentalization by location

Question 11

-Assigning part of a manager’s work and power to other workers
-Degree of centralization or decentralization of authority is determined by the overall pattern of delegation within the org.

Answer 11

Decentralization, decentralization, & delegation

Question 12

1. Manager must assign responsibility.
   -responsibility - duty to perform tasks/job
2. Manager must grant authority.
   -authority - Power, within an org, to accomplish an assigned job/task
3. Manager must create accountability
   -accountability - obligation of a worker to complete their assigned duties.

Answer 12

The delagation process generally has 3 steps

Question 13

Several reasons why managers are unwilling to delegate work
-The manager does not trust an employee to complete the task.
-manager fears the employee will perform exceptionally and attract the notice of higher-lvl managers
-the manager is unorganized and isn’t able to plan and assign work effectively

Answer 13

barriers to delegation

Question 14

An org in which management consciously attempts to spread authority widely in the lower levels of the org.

Answer 14

Decentralized Org

Question 15

Org that systematically works to concentrate authority at the upper levels of the org.

Answer 15

Centralized org

Question 16

Number of workers who report directly to one manager

Answer 16

Span of management

Question 17

-A wide span (aka flat org) of management exists when a manager has a larger number of subordinates
-High level of competence in managers and workers

Answer 17

Wide spans of management

Question 18

-A narrow span(aka tall org) exists when a manager has only a few subordinates
-The manager has additional tasks
-A high level of interaction is required between managers and workers

Answer 18

Narrow span of management

Question 19

Line structure
Line-and-staff structure
matrix structure
network structure

Answer 19

Forms of Org Structures

Question 20

Org structure in which the chain of command goes directly from person to person throughout the org(not the most effective in med-large sized orgs).

Answer 20

Line Structure

Question 21

Position in which a person makes decisions and gives orders to subordinates to achieve the orgs goals
Adv:
Line managers can make decisions quickly with only a supervisor to report to
Disadv:
Line managers are responsible for many activities, and therefore must have a wide range of knowledge about all of them.

Answer 21

Line manager

Question 22

An org structure that utilizes the chain of command from a line structure in combination with the assistance of staff managers.

Answer 22

Line-and-staff structure

Question 23

position created to provide support, advice, and expertise within an org

Answer 23

Staff managers

Question 24

Organizational structure in which administration is the primary function and most other functions are contracted out to other firms.

Answer 24

network structure

Question 25

Inner rites, rituals, heroes, and values of a firm

Answer 25

Corporate Culture

Question 26

A comittee created for a specific short term purpose

Answer 26

Ad HOC Comittee

Question 27

A relatively permanent committee charged with performing some recurring task

Answer 27

Standing Committee

Question 28

Committee established to investigate a major prob or pending decision

Answer 28

Task Force

Question 29

the pattern of behavior an interaction that stems from personal rather than official relationships

Answer 29

Informal Orgs

Question 30

Group created by the member theselves to accomplish goals that may or may not be relevant to the organization

Answer 30

Informal Groups

Question 31

The informal communications network within an org

Answer 31

Grapevine