Ch. 6b Respiratory Emergencies Flashcards
causes for respiratory distress
hyperventilation
asthma
anaphylaxis
chest injury
S&S respiratory distress
Abnormal breathing: slow, rapid, deep, shallow, wheezing, gurgling, high-pitched, silent
Abnormal skin colour: unusually moist, flushed, pale, ashen, bluish
Dyspnea
seek cause
medical history
trauma
general treatment for dyspnea
loosen clothing
semi-sitting/tripod position
O2 depending on spo2
Hyperventilation syndrome
rapid breathing
cause of hyperventilation
often young female
often emotional triggered : fear/anxiety
head inj, severe bleeds, high fever, heart failure, lung disease, diabetic
hyperventilation tx
calm down
attempt to slow down breathing
breathe in cupped hands
give O2 if necessary
prepare to ventilate
bronchitis
excessive mucous secretions
inflammatory changes
S&S sob, cough with sputum
emphysema
chronic
lungs unable to effectively exchange o2/co2
S&S: sob, difficult exhalation, cough, cyanosis, fever, restless, confused, weak
tx: vent, careful with hyperoxygenation
asthma
4x increase in past 20y
12% children, 8% adults
asthma etiologie
allergies
cold dry air
histamine
exercise
psych
asthma pathogenesis
m. contraction
inflammatory reaction
inc mucus prod.
inc mucus viscosity
dec air exchange due to spams, swelling, secretions
asthma S&S
wheezing on exhalation
difficulty breathing (exhalation)
chest tightness
ineffective cough
headache
tight/irritated throat
mild cyanosis
asthma distress
cyanotic +++
inc pulse
inc med use
difficulty to talk
audible wheeze
accessory m. use
dec LOC
asthma tx
asthma green zone
no symptoms
usual activities
peak flow 80% of PB
maintain medication use as is