Ch. 6b Respiratory Emergencies Flashcards

1
Q

causes for respiratory distress

A

hyperventilation
asthma
anaphylaxis
chest injury

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

S&S respiratory distress

A

Abnormal breathing: slow, rapid, deep, shallow, wheezing, gurgling, high-pitched, silent
Abnormal skin colour: unusually moist, flushed, pale, ashen, bluish

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Dyspnea

A

seek cause
medical history
trauma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

general treatment for dyspnea

A

loosen clothing
semi-sitting/tripod position
O2 depending on spo2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Hyperventilation syndrome

A

rapid breathing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

cause of hyperventilation

A

often young female
often emotional triggered : fear/anxiety
head inj, severe bleeds, high fever, heart failure, lung disease, diabetic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

hyperventilation tx

A

calm down
attempt to slow down breathing
breathe in cupped hands
give O2 if necessary
prepare to ventilate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

bronchitis

A

excessive mucous secretions
inflammatory changes
S&S sob, cough with sputum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

emphysema

A

chronic
lungs unable to effectively exchange o2/co2
S&S: sob, difficult exhalation, cough, cyanosis, fever, restless, confused, weak
tx: vent, careful with hyperoxygenation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

asthma

A

4x increase in past 20y
12% children, 8% adults

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

asthma etiologie

A

allergies
cold dry air
histamine
exercise
psych

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

asthma pathogenesis

A

m. contraction
inflammatory reaction
inc mucus prod.
inc mucus viscosity
dec air exchange due to spams, swelling, secretions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

asthma S&S

A

wheezing on exhalation
difficulty breathing (exhalation)
chest tightness
ineffective cough
headache
tight/irritated throat
mild cyanosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

asthma distress

A

cyanotic +++
inc pulse
inc med use
difficulty to talk
audible wheeze
accessory m. use
dec LOC

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

asthma tx

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

asthma green zone

A

no symptoms
usual activities
peak flow 80% of PB
maintain medication use as is

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

asthma yellow zone

A

some symptoms
woken up at night
can only do some of usual activities
peak flow btw 50-80% of PB
action: take extra puffs of med, adjust dose (md direction)

18
Q

asthma red zone

A

asthma attack - need immediate care
S&S:
very short of breath
meds not helping
can’t do usual activities
in yellow zone for at least 24h
symptoms same or getting worse
PEF less than 50% of PB

CALL 911

19
Q

Call 911 if in red zone

A

> 15 min
cyanotic
hard to talk/walk
epipen if severe /airway closing up

20
Q

can coffee help with asmtha

A

yes if nothing else available

21
Q

opiod overdose

A

opioids are respiratory depressants which can lead to respiratory arrest and possibly cardio-respiratory arrest

22
Q

opioids AP

A

know medication taken by all your athletes
know s&S
have naloxone
have access to BVM/AED/assistant within 3 min

23
Q

Opioids S&S

A

unresponsive
breathing labored, snore-like, ineffective, absent
pupils constricted

24
Q

opioid intervention

A

911
EAP
SAMPLE
naloxone
bls
repeat naloxone every 3 min until responsive
recovery care
possible relapse
transfer to EMS

25
Q

Naloxone

A

opioid-specific antidote
temporarily reverse the effects of opioid overdose
safe, no health risk

26
Q

aim of nasal spout for naloxone

A

slightly lateral

27
Q

ventilation rate for a child

A

1 breath every 2-3 sec

28
Q

if pulse present without breathing, start ventilation with

A

pocket mask and progress to BVM

29
Q

first 2 breaths are given with or without OPA

A

withou

30
Q

% O2 in ambient air

A

21%, 90% in reservoir

31
Q

disadvantages of BVM

A

proper seal
head position
recommended 2 person skill
need practice
not always available

32
Q

hypoxia

A

insufficient oxygen supply to cells of the body

33
Q

S&S hypoxia

A

inc respiration and pulse
cyanosis
changes in LOC
restlessness
chest pain

34
Q

hyper-ventilation not recommended because

A

lowers CO2
causes alkalosis
prevents transfer of O2

35
Q

Nasal Canula

A

conscious pt w/ stable breathing
3-4 Lpm
21% o2 + 4% per L of flow rate

36
Q

NRB

A

breathing pt
prefill bag
10Lpm best
95-100% o2

37
Q

Full oxygen tank

A

2000 psi

38
Q

minimum psi for oxygen tank

A

800 psi

39
Q

change oxygen at

A

500 psi

40
Q

minimum pressure in tank to prevent damage

A

200 psi

41
Q
A