Ch 68: Bladder

Question 1

T or F: The bladder is described as having an apex, a superior surface, two
inferolateral surfaces, a base or posterior surface, a trigone, and a neck

Answer 1

true

Question 2

The apex
reaches a short distance cephalad above the pubic bone and ends as a fibrous
cord, the remnant of the _____ which connects the bladder to the
allantois.

Answer 2

The apex
reaches a short distance cephalad above the pubic bone and ends as a fibrous
cord, the remnant of the fetal urachus, which connects the bladder to the
allantois.

Question 3

The ureters enter into the bladder slightly ____
to the seminal vesicles, with the vas deferens coursing above and in a caudal
direction to the ureters.

Answer 3

The ureters enter into the bladder slightly superior and lateral
to the seminal vesicles, with the vas deferens coursing above and in a caudal
direction to the ureters.

Question 4

The collecting tubules of a medullary pyramid coalesce into a
variable number of papillary ducts that pierce the tip of the
papilla and drain into the receptacle of the collecting system
called a ______

Answer 4

The collecting tubules of a medullary pyramid coalesce into a
variable number of papillary ducts that pierce the tip of the
papilla and drain into the receptacle of the collecting system
called a minor calyx

Question 5

The muscularis, responsible for ureteral peristalsis, consists
of outer ____and inner ____muscle bundles.

Answer 5

The muscularis, responsible for ureteral peristalsis, consists
of outer circular and inner longitudinal muscle bundles.

Question 6

Three
main points of ureteral narrowing, where calculi are likely to
become impacted, are _____

Answer 6

Three
main points of ureteral narrowing, where calculi are likely to
become impacted, are ( 1) the ureteropelvic junction (UPJ), ( 2)
the site at which the ureter crosses the pelvic brim, and ( 3) the
ureterovesical junction (UVJ).

Question 7

Anteriorly,
the bladder is separated from the symphysis pubis by fat in the
extraperitoneal _____

Answer 7

Anteriorly,
the bladder is separated from the symphysis pubis by fat in the
extraperitoneal space of Retzius.

Question 8

The bladder wall
has four layers: an outer connective tissue adventitia, smooth
muscle consisting of ______, submucosal connective tissue (the lamina propria), and the mucosa of transitional epithelium.

Answer 8

The bladder wall
has four layers: an outer connective tissue adventitia, smooth
muscle consisting of circular muscle fi bers sandwiched between
inner and outer layers of longitudinal fi bers, submucosal connective tissue (the lamina propria), and the mucosa of transitional epithelium.