Ch 47: Oral Cavity

Question 1

The oral cavity consists of:

Answer 1

The oral cavity consists of the lips, oral tongue, floor of the mouth, retromolar trigone, alveolar ridge, buccal mucosa, and hard palate

Question 2

The primary motor control of the lips is provided by the ______ of the facial nerve.

Answer 2

The primary motor control of the lips is provided by the buccal and mandibular branches of the facial nerve.

Question 3

The oral tongue can be demarcated into four anatomic areas: ____

Answer 3

The oral tongue can be demarcated into four anatomic areas: the tip, lateral borders, dorsal surface, and undersurface (ventral surface).

Question 4

There are six pairs of muscles that form the oral tongue. Three of these muscles are extrinsic, whereas the other three are intrinsic. The extrinsic muscles include the _____ The intrinsic muscles include the _____

Answer 4

There are six pairs of muscles that form the oral tongue. Three of these muscles are extrinsic, whereas the other three are intrinsic. The extrinsic muscles include the genioglossus, hyoglossus, and styloglossus. The intrinsic muscles include the lingual, vertical, and transverse muscles.

Question 5

General sensation of the anterior two-thirds of the tongue is supplied by the lingual nerve. Excluding the circumvallate papillae, taste fibers from the anterior two-thirds of the tongue run in the ______; the ______ nerve provides sensation and taste to the posterior third of the tongue and circumvallate papillae.

Answer 5

General sensation of the anterior two-thirds of the tongue is supplied by the lingual nerve. Excluding the circumvallate papillae, taste fibers from the anterior two-thirds of the tongue run in the chorda tympani branch of the facial nerve; the glossopharyngeal nerve provides sensation and taste to the posterior third of the tongue and circumvallate papillae.

Question 6

The floor of the mouth overlies the -____

Answer 6

The floor of the mouth overlies the mylohyoid and hyoglossus muscles.

Question 7

The floor of the mouth overlies the _____

Answer 7

The floor of the mouth overlies the mylohyoid and hyoglossus muscles.

Question 8

The lingual and hypoglossal nerves are____ to the hyoglossus, whereas the lingual artery is ____ to the hyoglossus. Innervation of the floor of the mouth is provided by the lingual nerve.

Answer 8

The lingual and hypoglossal nerves are lateral to the hyoglossus, whereas the lingual artery is medial to the hyoglossus. Innervation of the floor of the mouth is provided by the lingual nerve.

Question 9

The hard palate extends from _____. This is a semilunar area between the superior alveolar ridge and the mucous membrane covering the palatine process of the maxillary palatine bones

Answer 9

The hard palate extends from the inner surface of the superior alveolar ridge to the posterior edge of the palatine bone. This is a semilunar area between the superior alveolar ridge and the mucous membrane covering the palatine process of the maxillary palatine bones

Question 10

The alveolar ridges include the alveolar processes of the maxilla and mandible and the overlying mucosa. The mucosal covering of the lower alveolar ridge extends from _____. The lower alveolar ridge extends to the ascending ramus of the mandible posteriorly. The superior alveolar ridge mucosa extends from ______The posterior margin is the upper end of the pterygopalatine arch.

Answer 10

The alveolar ridges include the alveolar processes of the maxilla and mandible and the overlying mucosa. The mucosal covering of the lower alveolar ridge extends from the line of attachment of mucosa in the buccal gutter to the line of free mucosa of the floor of the mouth. The lower alveolar ridge extends to the ascending ramus of the mandible posteriorly. The superior alveolar ridge mucosa extends from the line of attachment of mucosa in the upper gingival buccal gutter to the junction of the hard palate. The posterior margin is the upper end of the pterygopalatine arch.

Question 11

The retromolar trigone is the triangular area overlying the ascending ramus of the mandible. The base of the triangle is formed by the ____, and the apex lies at the ____

Answer 11

The retromolar trigone is the triangular area overlying the ascending ramus of the mandible. The base of the triangle is formed by the posterior most molar, and the apex lies at the maxillary tuberosity

Question 12

The buccal mucosa includes the mucosal surfaces of the cheek and lips from the line of contact of the opposing lips to the pterygomandibular raphe posteriorly. This extends to the line of attachment of the mucosa of the upper and lower alveolar ridge superiorly and inferiorly. Innervation is supplied by the _____ a branch of the ____ nerve.

Answer 12

The buccal mucosa includes the mucosal surfaces of the cheek and lips from the line of contact of the opposing lips to the pterygomandibular raphe posteriorly. This extends to the line of attachment of the mucosa of the upper and lower alveolar ridge superiorly and inferiorly. Innervation is supplied by the buccal nerve, a branch of the mandibular nerve.

Question 13

Level Ia is limited anteriorly by the mandibular symphysis, posteriorly by the body of the hyoid bone, and cranially by the ___ muscle.

Answer 13

Level Ia is limited anteriorly by the mandibular symphysis, posteriorly by the body of the hyoid bone, and cranially by the geniohyoid muscle.

Question 14

Level Ib is located within the space bounded by the inner table of the mandible laterally, the ____ muscle medially, the mandibular symphysis anteriorly, and the submandibular gland posteriorly

Answer 14

Level Ib is located within the space bounded by the inner table of the mandible laterally, the digastric muscle medially, the mandibular symphysis anteriorly, and the submandibular gland posteriorly

Question 15

Level II includes the upper jugular chain lymph nodes from the base of the skull to the ____(surgical landmark) or the caudal body of the hyoid bone (clinical landmark); this nodal station extends from the posterior edge of the submandibular gland anteriorly to the posterior border of the sternocleidomastoid posteriorly.

Answer 15

Level II includes the upper jugular chain lymph nodes from the base of the skull to the carotid bifurcation (surgical landmark) or the caudal body of the hyoid bone (clinical landmark); this nodal station extends from the posterior edge of the submandibular gland anteriorly to the posterior border of the sternocleidomastoid posteriorly.

Question 16

The level II nodal region is further subdivided into IIa and IIb. The vertical plane defined by the _____(surgical landmark) or the ____(radiographic landmark) defines each the subdivision within this level; level IIa lies anterior, whereas IIb lies posterior to this plane.

Answer 16

The level II nodal region is further subdivided into IIa and IIb. The vertical plane defined by the spinal accessory nerve (surgical landmark) or the posterior edge of the internal jugular vein (radiographic landmark) defines each the subdivision within this level; level IIa lies anterior, whereas IIb lies posterior to this plane.

Question 17

Level III is the caudal extension of level II. It includes the midjugular nodes, of which the surgical landmarks extend from the ______ inferiorly, the sternohyoid medially, and the posterior aspect of the sternocleidomastoid posteriorly. The corresponding radiographic landmarks are the caudal edge of the hyoid bone superiorly and the caudal edge of the cricoid cartilage inferiorly.

Answer 17

Level III is the caudal extension of level II. It includes the midjugular nodes, of which the surgical landmarks extend from the carotid bifurcation to the omohyoid muscle inferiorly, the sternohyoid medially, and the posterior aspect of the sternocleidomastoid posteriorly. The corresponding radiographic landmarks are the caudal edge of the hyoid bone superiorly and the caudal edge of the cricoid cartilage inferiorly.

Question 18

Level IV includes the inferior jugular nodes located around the inferior third of the internal jugular vein. Level IV is bounded by the _____superiorly, the____ inferiorly, and the posterior aspect of the sternocleidomastoid posteriorly

Answer 18

Level IV includes the inferior jugular nodes located around the inferior third of the internal jugular vein. Level IV is bounded by the omohyoid muscle superiorly, the clavicle inferiorly, and the posterior aspect of the sternocleidomastoid posteriorly

Question 19

Therefore, from a practical standpoint, the radiolographic cranial border of level V has been accepted as a horizontal plane crossing the cranial edge of the _____. From a surgical perspective, level V is further subdivided into Va and Vb, and the ______ is the anatomic landmark denoting this subdivision (Vb lies below this boundary).

Answer 19

Therefore, from a practical standpoint, the radiolographic cranial border of level V has been accepted as a horizontal plane crossing the cranial edge of the hyoid bone.27 From a surgical perspective, level V is further subdivided into Va and Vb, and the caudal edge of the cricoid arch is the anatomic landmark denoting this subdivision (Vb lies below this boundary).

Question 20

The retropharyngeal nodes are further divided into medial and lateral groups. The lateral retropharyngeal nodes lie medial to the____ and lateral to the longus capitis and longus coli muscles, whereas the medial group consists of one or two nodes intercalated along the midline lymphatics.

Answer 20

The retropharyngeal nodes are further divided into medial and lateral groups. The lateral retropharyngeal nodes lie medial to the carotid artery and lateral to the longus capitis and longus coli muscles, whereas the medial group consists of one or two nodes intercalated along the midline lymphatics.

Question 21

the ___ muscle supports the floor of mouth anteriorly and the __- muscle supports the floor of mouth posteriorly

Answer 21

mylohyoid
hyoglossus