Ch. 62 EX: 4 & 5

Question 1

The stomach should be identified as a(n) ____ ____ structure in the LUQ inferior to the diaphragm.

Answer 1

Fluid Filled

Question 2

If no fluid is apparent, the stomach should be reevaluated in ___ to ___ minutes to rule out the possibility of a CNS problem (swallowing disorders), obstruction, oligohydramnios, or atresia.

Answer 2

20 to 30

Question 3

The abdominal circumference is measured at the level of the ____ sinus and the ____ portion of the left portal vein (“hockey stick” appearance on the sonogram).

Answer 3

Portal, Umbilical

Question 4

The insertion of the umbilical cord must be imaged with ____ because it inserts both into the fetal abdomen and into the placenta.

Answer 4

Color

Question 5

the fetus is capable of ____ sufficient amounts of amniotic fluid to permit visualization of the stomach by 11 menstrual weeks.

Answer 5

Swallowing

Question 6

After the 15th to 16th week, ____ begins to accumulate in the distal part of the small intestine as a combination of desquamated cells, bile pigments, and mucoproteins.

Answer 6

Meconium

Question 7

The region of the small bowel can be seen because it is slightly ____ compared with the liver and may appear “masslike” in the central abdomen and pelvis.

Answer 7

Hyperechoic

Question 8

After 27 weeks, ____ of normal small bowel is increasingly observed.

Answer 8

Peristalsis

Question 9

The ____ ____ of the colon help to defferentiate it from the small bowel.

Answer 9

Haustral Folds

Question 10

The ____ does not have peristalsis as the small bowel does.

Answer 10

Colon

Question 11

The meconium within the lumen of the colon appears _____ relative to the fetal liver and in comparison with the bowel wall.

Answer 11

Hypoechoic

Question 12

The ___ lobe of the liver is larger than the ___ in utero secondary to the greater supply of oxygenated blood.

Answer 12

Left, Right

Question 13

The normal gallbladder may be seen sonographically after ____ weeks of gestation.

Answer 13

20

Question 14

____ ____ may present as a total reversal of the thoracic and abdominal organs or as a partial reversal.

Answer 14

Situs Inversus

Question 15

The stomach may or may not be reversed in ____ ____ ____.

Answer 15

Partial Situs Inversus

Question 16

True ascites is identified within the peritoneal recesses, whereas ____ is always confined to an anterior or anterolateral aspect of the fetal abdomen.

Answer 16

Pseudoascites

Question 17

A bowel obstruction results in ____ bowel dilatation that is characteristically recognized as one or more tubular structures within the fetal abdomen.

Answer 17

Proximal

Question 18

The most reliable criterion for diagnosing dilated bowel is the bowel ____, not the sonographic appearance.

Answer 18

Diameter

Question 19

A congenital blockage of the esophagus resulting from faulty separation of the foregut into its respiratory and digestive components is ____ ____.

Answer 19

Esophageal Atresia

Question 20

In reference to the diagnosis in question 6 (esophageal atresia), the sonographer may observe the ____ stomach and ____.

Answer 20

Absent, hyddramnios

Question 21

Blockage of the jejunum and ileal bowel segments (jejunoileal atresia or stenosis) appears as multiple cystic structures ____ to the site of atresia within the fetal abdomen.

Answer 21

Proximal

Question 22

A small-bowel disorder marked by the presence of thick meconium in the distal ileum is ____

Answer 22

Meconium ileus

Question 23

____ ____ may present as part of the VACTERL association or in caudal regression.

Answer 23

Anorectal Atresia

Question 24

Hyperechoic bowel is a(n) ____ impression of unusually echogenic bowel, typically seen during the 2nd trimester.

Answer 24

Subjective

Question 25

True ascites in the fetal abdomen is always ____; it usually outlines the falciform ligament and umbilical vein.

Answer 25

Abnormal