Ch. 6 X-Ray Production

Question 1

the graph of brems photons creates what

Answer 1

bell-shaped continuum

Question 2

interactions with target nuclei produces what kind of photon

Answer 2

brems photon

Question 3

what all effects beam quantity

Answer 3

• mAs
• kVp
• distance
• filtration
• grids

Question 4

what is infrared radiation

Answer 4

heat

Question 5

what is tungsten’s P-shell binding energy

Answer 5

0.008 keV

Question 6

what is tungsten’s O-shell binding energy

Answer 6

0.08 keV

Question 7

how much filtration is the target window

Answer 7

0.5 mm aluminum

Question 8

used to adjust or compensate for variations in patient thickness; will create a more uniform exposure to the IR

Answer 8

compensation filters

Question 9

main controller of quantity (RE)

Answer 9

mAs

Question 10

this graphically illustrates the characteristic x-ray photon beam

Answer 10

discrete emission spectrum

Question 11

filament electrons penetrate the face of the target to a depth of what

Answer 11

0.5 mm

Question 12

this interaction happens when the filament electron doesn’t interact with a tungsten electron, and it interacts with the tungsten nucleus

Answer 12

Bremsstrahlung radiation

Question 13

why is changing kVp less desirable when changing quantity

Answer 13

it influences penetrability and scatter production

Question 14

total filtration built into the tube assembly plus added filtration must be a minimum of how much

Answer 14

2.5 mm aluminum or aluminum equivalent

Question 15

what is the x-ray beam called after filtration

Answer 15

homogenous

Question 16

normal HVL is what

Answer 16

3-5 mm aluminum

Question 17

ionization of target atom electrons leads to release of what type of photon

Answer 17

characteristic x-ray photon

Question 18

what is the average energy of brems photon

Answer 18

1/3 kVp selected

Question 19

x-ray beam as it is upon exiting the collimator and exposing the patient

Answer 19

primary beam

Question 20

filtering out weak photons and increasing the overall average energy of the beam by only allowing strong, useful x-rays to continue onto patient is called what

Answer 20

beam hardening

Question 21

what is tungsten’s M-shell binding energy

Answer 21

2.82 keV

Question 22

what is tungsten’s L-shell binding energy

Answer 22

12.1 keV

Question 23

what is the x-ray beam called before it goes through filtration

Answer 23

heterogenous

Question 24

total filtration is a combination of what

Answer 24

inherent and added filtration

Question 25

the amount of aluminum necessary to reduce the beam to 1/2 of its original intensity is called

Answer 25

half-value layer (HVL)

Question 26

what is tungsten’s K-shell binding energy

Answer 26

69.5 keV

Question 27

this graphically illustrates the brems x-ray photon beam

Answer 27

continuous emission spectrum

Question 28

x-ray beam that remains after interaction with the patient and is exiting the patient to expose the IR

Answer 28

remnant beam

Question 29

what is tungsten’s N-shell binding energy

Answer 29

0.6 keV

Question 30

how does beam quantity vary with kVp change

Answer 30

a square of the ratio of change in kVp