Ch. 6 X-Ray Production Flashcards
the graph of brems photons creates what
bell-shaped continuum
interactions with target nuclei produces what kind of photon
brems photon
what all effects beam quantity
- mAs
- kVp
- distance
- filtration
- grids
what is infrared radiation
heat
what is tungsten’s P-shell binding energy
0.008 keV
what is tungsten’s O-shell binding energy
0.08 keV
how much filtration is the target window
0.5 mm aluminum
used to adjust or compensate for variations in patient thickness; will create a more uniform exposure to the IR
compensation filters
main controller of quantity (RE)
mAs
this graphically illustrates the characteristic x-ray photon beam
discrete emission spectrum
filament electrons penetrate the face of the target to a depth of what
0.5 mm
this interaction happens when the filament electron doesn’t interact with a tungsten electron, and it interacts with the tungsten nucleus
Bremsstrahlung radiation
why is changing kVp less desirable when changing quantity
it influences penetrability and scatter production
total filtration built into the tube assembly plus added filtration must be a minimum of how much
2.5 mm aluminum or aluminum equivalent
what is the x-ray beam called after filtration
homogenous
normal HVL is what
3-5 mm aluminum
ionization of target atom electrons leads to release of what type of photon
characteristic x-ray photon
what is the average energy of brems photon
1/3 kVp selected
x-ray beam as it is upon exiting the collimator and exposing the patient
primary beam
filtering out weak photons and increasing the overall average energy of the beam by only allowing strong, useful x-rays to continue onto patient is called what
beam hardening
what is tungsten’s M-shell binding energy
2.82 keV
what is tungsten’s L-shell binding energy
12.1 keV
what is the x-ray beam called before it goes through filtration
heterogenous
total filtration is a combination of what
inherent and added filtration
the amount of aluminum necessary to reduce the beam to 1/2 of its original intensity is called
half-value layer (HVL)
what is tungsten’s K-shell binding energy
69.5 keV
this graphically illustrates the brems x-ray photon beam
continuous emission spectrum
x-ray beam that remains after interaction with the patient and is exiting the patient to expose the IR
remnant beam
what is tungsten’s N-shell binding energy
0.6 keV
how does beam quantity vary with kVp change
a square of the ratio of change in kVp
