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Physics > Ch. 4 The X-Ray Circuit > Flashcards

Ch. 4 The X-Ray Circuit Flashcards

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1
Q

the amount of current flowing with an electric potential of 1 volt in a circuit with a resistance of 1 ohm

A

ampere

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2
Q

conductor fashioned into a coil

A

solenoid

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3
Q

what is the strength of magnetic field measured in

A

tesla (T)

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4
Q

not attracted to magnetic fields at all

A

nonmagnetic - glass, wood, plastic

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5
Q

x-ray production is simply achieved through what

A

manipulation of electricity

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6
Q

a process of connecting the electrical device to the earth via a conductor; protective measure

A

grounding

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7
Q

devices that inhibits the flow of electrons, thereby precisely regulating the flow of electricity through that part of the circuit where it is placed

A

resistor

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8
Q

the electric resistance equal to the resistance between two points along a conductor that produces a current of 1 ampere when a potential difference of 1 volt is applied

A

ohm

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9
Q

what is ripple of three phase, high frequency

A

<1%

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10
Q

unit of measure for electric potential

A

volt

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11
Q

current that flows in only 1 direction

A

direct current (DC)

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12
Q

the study of electric charges in motion

A

electrodynamics

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13
Q

the mA selector is known as a what

A

rheostat; variable resistor

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14
Q

what circuit section is the exposure timer located in

A

primary circuit

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15
Q

device the produces electrons through a chemical reaction, stores an electric charge for the long term, and provides an electric potential

A

battery

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16
Q

formula for total resistance in a parallel cirucit

A

1/Rt=1/R1+1/R2+1/R3 etc.

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17
Q

the low voltage/filament circuit works on how many volts

A

8-12 v

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18
Q

devices used to increase or decrease voltage (or current) through electromagnetic induction

A

transformer

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19
Q

how much leakage flux does the shell-core transformer have

A

5%

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20
Q

shell-core transformer is how efficient

A

95%

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21
Q

transformer that decreases voltage

A

step-down transformer

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22
Q

1 coulomb flowing by a given point in 1 second

A

ampere

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23
Q

where do flux travel from north pole to the south pole

A

outside the magnet

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24
Q

circuit in which circuit elements “bridge” or branch across a conductor

A

parallel circuit

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25
Q

occurs when objects gain either a net positive or a net negative charge in electrostatics

A

electrification

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26
Q

the study of stationary electric charges

A

electrostatics

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27
Q

occurs as a result of the interaction of the electric fields around two objects that are not in contact with each other

A

induction

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28
Q

property of an element in a circuit that resists or impedes the flow of electricity

A

resistance

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29
Q

formula for total voltage in a parallel circuit

A

Vt=ItxRt; voltage is equal throughout circuit

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30
Q

what is the equation for power

A

P=IV

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31
Q

formula for total resistance in a series circuit

A

Rt=R1+R2+R3 etc

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32
Q

the ability to do work because of a separation of charges

A

electric potential

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33
Q

material used extensively in the creation of magnets and magnetic fields

A

iron

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34
Q

weakly repelled by magnetic fields

A

diamagnetic - water, gold, mercury

35
Q

1 coulomb is equal to an electric charge of how many electrons

A

6.25x10^18 electrons

36
Q

adjusts incoming voltage in primary circuit to be exactly 220v

A

line voltage compensator

37
Q

where do the lines of flux travel from south pole to north pole

A

inside the magnet

38
Q

temporarily stores an electric charge

A

capacitor

39
Q

transformer that increases voltage

A

step-up transformer

40
Q

the large electron beam has how much resistance compared with the small beam

A

less resistance

41
Q

formula for total voltage in a series circuit

A

Vt=ItxRt; Vt=V1+V2+V3 etc

42
Q

unit of measure for current

A

ampere

43
Q

the potential difference that will maintain a current of 1 ampere in a circuit with a resistance of 1 ohm

A

volt

44
Q

what temperature makes for better conducting of electricity or current

A

colder/lower

45
Q

one-way valve device that allows electrons to flow in one direction only

A

diode

46
Q

transformer law for voltage

A

direct - Vs/Vp=Ts/Tp

47
Q

emergency devices that break or open the circuit if there is a sudden surge of electricity to the circuit or device

A

protective devices - fuses, circuit breakers

48
Q

3 ways objects may be electrified

A
  • friction
  • contact
  • induction
49
Q

weakly attracted to magnetic fields

A

paramagnetic - platinum, gadolinium, aluminum

50
Q

radiolucent device placed between the patient and the image receptor; x-rays interact with chamber and its atoms are ionized creating an electric charge

A

ionization chamber

51
Q

devices that convert electric energy to mechanical energy through electromagnetic induction

A

electric motors

52
Q

relation of voltage to current in a transformer

A

inverse - Is/Ip=Vp/Vs

53
Q

most common type of transformer

A

shell-core

54
Q

what is the ripple of three phase, 12 pulse

A

4%

55
Q

a section of special wire usually encased in glass that quickly melts if the current flow rises excessively

A

fuse

56
Q

lines of flux in opposite directions do what

A

attract

57
Q

devices that convert some form of mechanical energy into electric energy

A

electric generator

58
Q

formula for current in a series circuit

A

equal throughout

59
Q

a device that can increase or decrease voltage by a predetermined amount

A

transformer

60
Q

formula for total current in a parallel circuit

A

It=I1+I2+I3 etc

61
Q

strongly attracted to magnetic materials

A

ferromagnetic - iron, cobalt, nickel

62
Q

when 4 rectifiers are used, what type of rectification is achieved

A

full-wave

63
Q

an adjustable or variable form of resistor

A

rheostat

64
Q

for three phase, 12 pulse what percent of kVp selected translates to x-ray production

A

96.5%-100%

65
Q

for three phase, 6 pulse what percent of kVp selected translates to x-ray production

A

87%-100%

66
Q

lines of flux in the same direction do what

A

repel

67
Q

what type of induction does the autotransformer use

A

self-induction

68
Q

the induction of electricity in a secondary coil by a moving magnetic field

A

mutual induction

69
Q

a device that opens a circuit (breaks pathway)

A

switch

70
Q

current that changes direction in cycles as the electric potential of the source changes

A

alternating current (AC)

71
Q

transformer law for current

A

inverse - Is/Ip=Tp/Ts

72
Q

the potential difference (volt) across the total circuit or any part of that circuit is equal to the current (ampere) multiplied by the resistance (ohm); V=IR

A

ohms law

73
Q

the ability of a material to attract iron, cobalt, or nickel

A

magnetism

74
Q

what is resistance measured in

A

ohms

75
Q

what is ohm’s law

A

V=IR

76
Q

what are electric charges measured in

A

coulombs

77
Q

circuit in which circuit elements are wired along a single conductor

A

series circuit

78
Q

an induced current flows in a direction that opposes the action that induced it

A

lenz’s law

79
Q

most widely used exposure timer

A

electronic timer

80
Q

equal to the amount of work (joules) that can be done per unit of charge

A

volt; volt=joules/coulombs

81
Q

what is the autotransformer controlled by

A

kVp selector

82
Q

an expression of the flow of electrons in a conductor

A

current

83
Q

what is the ripple of three phase, 6 pulse

A

13%

84
Q

phenomenon that moving a conductor through a magnetic field induces an electric current in that conductor

A

electromagnetic induction

Physics (9 decks)

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